Halfar Jan, Čabanová Kristina, Vávra Karel, Delongová Patricie, Motyka Oldřich, Špaček Richard, Kukutschová Jana, Šimetka Ondřej, Heviánková Silvie
Faculty of Mining and Geology, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, Poruba, 708 33, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Mining and Geology, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, Poruba, 708 33, Czech Republic; Centre for Advanced Innovation Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic.
Chemosphere. 2023 Dec;343:140301. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140301. Epub 2023 Sep 26.
Considering the well documented, almost ubiquitous nature of microplastics in different environments, the exposure of pregnant women to microplastics may pose risks to the unborn children. The study focused on investigating the presence of microplastics in amniotic fluid and placenta, and brings the first evidence of the simultaneous presence of microplastics and additives in both human amniotic fluid and placentas. In total, 20 samples of amniotic fluid and placenta from 10 patients were analyzed for the presence of microplastics and plastic additives by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) after alkaline digestion with KOH. In 9 out of 10 patients, microplastics or additives were found in amniotic fluid, placenta, or both. Specifically, 44 particles of microplastics and polymer additives were identified in all samples. Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE) and Calcium zinc PVC Stabilizer with particle sizes between 10 and 50 μm prevailed. Although all women involved in this study, who provided placenta and amniotic fluid samples, experienced physiological, singleton pregnancies complicated with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM), it is too early to draw any conclusions and more research is needed.
鉴于微塑料在不同环境中已被充分记录且几乎无处不在的特性，孕妇接触微塑料可能会给未出生的孩子带来风险。该研究聚焦于调查羊水和胎盘中微塑料的存在情况，并首次提供了人类羊水和胎盘中同时存在微塑料和添加剂的证据。总共对10名患者的20份羊水和胎盘样本进行了分析，在用氢氧化钾进行碱性消化后，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 - 衰减全反射（FTIR-ATR）检测微塑料和塑料添加剂的存在。在10名患者中的9名患者的羊水、胎盘或两者中发现了微塑料或添加剂。具体而言，在所有样本中鉴定出44颗微塑料颗粒和聚合物添加剂。粒径在10至50微米之间的氯化聚乙烯（CPE）和钙锌PVC稳定剂占主导。尽管参与本研究并提供胎盘和羊水样本的所有女性均经历了生理上的单胎妊娠，并伴有胎膜早破（PPROM），但现在得出任何结论都为时过早，还需要更多研究。
