Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg. 2023;48:1-19. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-36785-4_1.
The antithesis between childhood cancer survival rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) represents one of healthcare's most significant disparities. In HICs, the 5-year survival rate for children with cancer, including most brain tumors, exceeds 80%. Unfortunately, children in LMICs experience far worse outcomes with 5-year survival rates as low as 20%. To address inequities in the treatment of childhood cancer and disease burden globally, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer. Within this initiative, pediatric low-grade glioma (LGG) represents a unique opportunity for the neurosurgical community to directly contribute to a paradigm shift in the survival outcomes of children in LMICs, as many of these tumors can be managed with surgical resection alone. In this chapter, we discuss the burden of pediatric LGG and outline actions the neurosurgical community might consider to improve survival for children with LGG in LMICs.
中低收入国家（LMIC）和高收入国家（HIC）儿童癌症存活率之间的对立是医疗保健领域最大的差异之一。在 HIC 中，包括大多数脑肿瘤在内的儿童癌症患者的 5 年存活率超过 80%。不幸的是，LMIC 国家的儿童癌症患者预后要差得多，5 年存活率低至 20%。为了解决儿童癌症治疗和全球疾病负担方面的不平等问题，世界卫生组织（WHO）发起了全球儿童癌症倡议。在该倡议中，儿科低级别胶质瘤（LGG）为神经外科学界提供了一个独特的机会，可以直接为改善 LMIC 国家儿童的生存结果带来范式转变，因为许多此类肿瘤仅通过手术切除即可治疗。在本章中，我们讨论了儿科 LGG 的负担，并概述了神经外科学界可能考虑采取的行动，以提高 LMIC 国家 LGG 儿童的生存率。
