Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, Xinjiang, 831100, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China.
Environ Res. 2023 Dec 1;238(Pt 2):117256. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117256. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
The application of biogas slurry topdressing with drip irrigation systems can compensate for the limitation of traditional solid organic fertilizer, which can only be applied at the bottom. Based on this, we attempted to define the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities of maize during the tasseling and full maturity stages, by using a no-topdressing control and different ratios of biogas slurry nitrogen in place of chemical fertilizer topdressing. The application of biogas slurry resulted in the emergence of new bacterial phyla led by Synergistota. Compared with pure urea chemical topdressing, the pure biogas slurry topdressing treatment significantly enriched Firmicutes and Basidiomycota communities during the tasseling stage, in addition to affecting the separation of bacterial and fungal α-diversity indices between the tasseling and full maturity stages. Based on the prediction of community composition and function, the changes in bacterial and fungal communities caused by biogas slurry treatment stimulated the ability of microorganisms to decompose refractory organic components, which was conducive to turnover in the soil carbon cycle, and improved multi-element (such as sulfur) cycles; however it may also bring potential risks of heavy metal and pathogenic microbial contamination. Notably, the biogas slurry treatment reduced the correlation and aggregation of bacterial and fungal symbiotic networks, and had a dual effect on ecological randomness. These findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the alterations occurring in soil microbial communities when substituting chemical fertilizers treated with biogas slurry topdressing, and promote the efficient and sustainable utilization of biogas slurry resources.
沼气液滴灌追肥的应用可以弥补传统固体有机肥只能底施的局限性。基于此，我们试图通过不追肥对照和不同比例的沼气液氮替代化肥追肥来定义玉米抽雄期和完熟期土壤细菌和真菌群落的响应。沼气液的应用导致了协同菌门（Synergistota）等新的细菌门的出现。与纯尿素化学追肥相比，纯沼气液追肥处理在抽雄期显著富集了厚壁菌门和担子菌门群落，此外还影响了抽雄期和完熟期细菌和真菌 α 多样性指数的分离。基于群落组成和功能的预测，沼气液处理引起的细菌和真菌群落变化刺激了微生物分解难降解有机成分的能力，有利于土壤碳循环的周转，并改善了多元素（如硫）循环；但也可能带来重金属和病原微生物污染的潜在风险。值得注意的是，沼气液处理降低了细菌和真菌共生网络的相关性和聚集性，对生态随机性具有双重影响。这些发现有助于更深入地了解用沼气液追肥替代化学肥料时土壤微生物群落的变化，并促进沼气液资源的高效和可持续利用。
