McKay Christopher D, Gubhaju Lina, Gibberd Alison J, McNamara Bridgette J, Macniven Rona, Joshy Grace, Roseby Robert, Williams Robyn, Yashadhana Aryati, Fields Ted, Porykali Bobby, Azzopardi Peter, Banks Emily, Eades Sandra J
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Prev Med. 2023 Oct;175:107715. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107715. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
This study described the distribution of healthy body composition among Aboriginal adolescents in Australia aged 10-24 years and examined associations with health behaviours and self-rated health. Data were cross-sectional from the 'Next Generation: Youth Well-being study' baseline (N = 1294). We used robust Poisson regression to quantify associations of self-reported health behaviours (physical activity, screen time, sleep, consumption of vegetables, fruit, soft drinks and fast food, and tobacco smoking and alcohol) and self-rated health to healthy body mass index (BMI) and waist/height ratio (WHtR). Overall, 48% of participants had healthy BMI and 64% healthy WHtR, with healthy body composition more common among younger adolescents. Higher physical activity was associated with healthy body composition (5-7 days last week vs none; adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) healthy BMI 1.31 [95% CI 1.05-1.64], and healthy WHtR 1.30 [1.10-1.54]), as was recommended sleep duration (vs not; aPR healthy BMI 1.56 [1.19-2.05], and healthy WHtR 1.37 [1.13-1.67]). There was a trend for higher proportion of healthy body composition with more frequent fast food consumption. Healthy body composition was also associated with higher self-rated health ('very good/excellent' vs 'poor/fair'; aPR healthy BMI 1.87 [1.45-2.42], and healthy WHtR 1.71 [1.40-2.10]). Culturally appropriate community health interventions with a focus on physical activity and sleep may hold promise for improving body composition among Aboriginal adolescents.
本研究描述了澳大利亚10至24岁原住民青少年的健康身体成分分布情况，并研究了其与健康行为及自我评估健康状况之间的关联。数据来自“下一代：青少年幸福感研究”基线调查的横断面数据（N = 1294）。我们使用稳健泊松回归来量化自我报告的健康行为（体育活动、屏幕使用时间、睡眠、蔬菜、水果、软饮料和快餐的摄入量，以及吸烟和饮酒情况）和自我评估健康状况与健康体重指数（BMI）和腰高比（WHtR）之间的关联。总体而言，48%的参与者BMI健康，64%的参与者WHtR健康，健康的身体成分在较年轻的青少年中更为常见。较高的体育活动水平与健康的身体成分相关（上周运动5 - 7天与不运动相比；调整患病率比（aPR），健康BMI为1.31 [95%置信区间1.05 - 1.64]，健康WHtR为1.30 [1.10 - 1.54]），推荐的睡眠时间也是如此（与未达到推荐睡眠时间相比；aPR健康BMI为1.56 [1.19 - 2.05]，健康WHtR为1.37 [1.13 - 1.67]）。快餐消费频率越高，健康身体成分的比例有上升趋势。健康的身体成分还与较高的自我评估健康状况相关（“非常好/优秀”与“差/一般”相比；aPR健康BMI为1.87 [1.45 - 2.42]，健康WHtR为1.71 [1.40 - 2.10]）。以体育活动和睡眠为重点的具有文化适宜性的社区健康干预措施可能有望改善原住民青少年的身体成分。
