Câmara Gradim Luma Carolina, Santana André Luiz Maciel, Archanjo José Marcelo, Zuffo Marcelo Knörich, Lopes Roseli de Deus
Polytechnic School, Interdisciplinary Center for Interactive Technologies and Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa Insper, São Paulo, Brazil.
JMIR Form Res. 2023 Nov 8;7:e49102. doi: 10.2196/49102.
Wheelchair positioning systems can prevent postural deficits and pressure injuries. However, a more effective professional follow-up is needed to assess and monitor positioning according to the specificities and clinical conditions of each user.
This study aims to present the concept of an electronic system embedded in a motorized wheelchair, based on the Internet of Things (IoT), for automated positioning as part of a study on wheelchairs and telemonitoring.
We conducted a mixed methods study with a user-centered design approach, interviews with 16 wheelchair users and 66 professionals for the development of system functions, and a formative assessment of 5 participants with descriptive analysis to design system concepts.
We presented a new wheelchair system with hardware and software components developed based on coparticipation with singular components in an IoT architecture. In an IoT solution, the incorporation of sensors from the inertial measurement unit was crucial. These sensors were vital for offering alternative methods to monitor and control the tilt and recline functions of a wheelchair. This monitoring and control could be achieved autonomously through a smartphone app. In addition, this capability addressed the requirements of real users.
The technologies presented in this system can benefit telemonitoring and favor real feedback, allowing quality provision of health services to wheelchair users. User-centered development favored development with specific functions to meet the real demands of users. We emphasize the importance of future studies on the correlation between diagnoses and the use of the system in a real environment to help professionals in treatment.
轮椅定位系统可预防姿势缺陷和压疮。然而，需要更有效的专业随访，以便根据每位使用者的具体情况和临床状况评估和监测定位情况。
本研究旨在提出一种基于物联网（IoT）嵌入电动轮椅的电子系统概念，用于自动定位，作为轮椅及远程监测研究的一部分。
我们采用以用户为中心的设计方法进行了一项混合方法研究，对16名轮椅使用者和66名专业人员进行访谈以开发系统功能，并对5名参与者进行形成性评估并采用描述性分析来设计系统概念。
我们展示了一种新的轮椅系统，其硬件和软件组件是在与物联网架构中的单个组件共同参与的基础上开发的。在物联网解决方案中，纳入来自惯性测量单元的传感器至关重要。这些传感器对于提供监测和控制轮椅倾斜和后仰功能的替代方法至关重要。这种监测和控制可以通过智能手机应用程序自主实现。此外，这种能力满足了实际用户的需求。
本系统中展示的技术可惠及远程监测并有利于获得真实反馈，从而为轮椅使用者提供高质量的医疗服务。以用户为中心的开发有利于开发具有特定功能的产品，以满足用户的实际需求。我们强调未来研究诊断与系统在实际环境中使用之间相关性的重要性，以帮助专业人员进行治疗。
