Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Jessenia Inc. Rehabilitation Hospital Beroun, Akeso Holding, MINDWALK, s.r.o., Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2023 Sep 29;44(6):368-383.
Prejudices against individuals with schizophrenia can interfere with diagnostic and treatment processes, particularly with the patient's further adaptation and reintegration. Self-stigma could have significant detrimental consequences for patients suffering from psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia.
This paper reviews findings about self-stigma connected to schizophrenia. The PubMed database used the keywords to find the papers published from January 1997 to March 2023, and 189 articles were included in the review process.
The schizophrenia-related stigma decreases patients' self-confidence, worsens their social functioning, and impedes daily functioning. Feelings of embarrassment are prominent in many patients with schizophrenia. Self-stigma predicts many unfavourable outcomes - more severe social anxiety and depressive symptoms, lower self-confidence, hopelessness, worse social functioning, lower quality of life, worse treatment cooperation, and lower adherence to medication adherence. Addressing self-stigma in psychoeducation or psychotherapy may increase the patient's stigma resistance and well-being. Self-help groups present an underutilised but potentially effective strategy.
Stigma presents a common issue in patients with schizophrenia. Targeting the issue in clinical management or psychotherapy may be beneficial. Still, more high-quality intervention studies are needed.
对精神分裂症患者的偏见会干扰诊断和治疗过程，尤其是对患者的进一步适应和重新融入社会。自我污名化可能对患有精神障碍的患者产生重大的不利影响，包括精神分裂症。
本文回顾了与精神分裂症相关的自我污名化的研究结果。使用 PubMed 数据库，使用关键词检索 1997 年 1 月至 2023 年 3 月发表的论文，共纳入 189 篇文章进行综述。
与精神分裂症相关的污名会降低患者的自信心，恶化他们的社会功能，并阻碍他们的日常生活功能。许多精神分裂症患者都有明显的尴尬感。自我污名化预测了许多不良后果，包括更严重的社交焦虑和抑郁症状、更低的自信心、更绝望、更差的社会功能、更低的生活质量、更差的治疗合作以及更低的药物依从性。在心理教育或心理治疗中解决自我污名化问题可能会提高患者的抗污名能力和幸福感。自助小组是一种未被充分利用但具有潜在有效性的策略。
污名是精神分裂症患者常见的问题。在临床管理或心理治疗中针对这个问题可能是有益的。但仍需要更多高质量的干预研究。
