Corniuk Raquel N, Shaw Katherine R, McWhirter Andrew, Lynch Harry W, Royer Sarah-Jeanne, Lynch Jennifer M
Hawai'i Pacific University Center for Marine Debris Research, United States of America.
Hawai'i Pacific University Center for Marine Debris Research, United States of America; National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States of America.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Nov;196:115570. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115570. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
Discarded fishing gear (DFG) comprises most of the plastic in the North Pacific Ocean and causes environmental and economic losses. Building evidence on the material construction of fishing gear types is critical to develop solutions to reduce DFG amounts and impacts. We forensically assessed the construction and chemical composition of eight different gear types removed as DFG around O'ahu, Hawai'i. A thorough dissection and novel analysis was conducted including the documentation of gear constructions, polymer identification using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry, and elemental additive detection using X-ray fluorescence. Twenty-six different polymers were identified, and most gear consisted of polyethylene variants or blends. This inventory of physical and chemical characterization of DFG can help future polymer identification of particular gear types through visual techniques. Additionally, it can aid in identifying sources of these gear types and promote recycling options.
废弃渔具（DFG）占北太平洋塑料的大部分，并造成环境和经济损失。建立关于渔具类型材料构造的证据对于开发减少DFG数量和影响的解决方案至关重要。我们对从夏威夷瓦胡岛周围作为DFG移除的八种不同渔具类型的构造和化学成分进行了法医评估。进行了全面的解剖和新颖的分析，包括渔具构造的记录、使用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱和差示扫描量热法进行聚合物鉴定，以及使用X射线荧光进行元素添加剂检测。鉴定出了26种不同的聚合物，大多数渔具由聚乙烯变体或混合物组成。DFG的这种物理和化学特征清单可以通过视觉技术帮助未来对特定渔具类型进行聚合物鉴定。此外，它有助于识别这些渔具类型的来源并促进回收选择。
