Monastero Roberto, Magro Daniele, Venezia Marika, Pisano Calogera, Balistreri Carmela Rita
Section of Neurology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Pathological Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, 90134, Palermo, Italy.
Ageing Res Rev. 2023 Nov;91:102076. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102076. Epub 2023 Sep 29.
Elabela (ELA), Apela or Toddler peptide is a hormone peptide belonging to the adipokine group and a component of apelinergic system, discovered in 2013-2014. Given its high homology with apelin, the first ligand of APJ receptor, ELA likely mediates similar effects. Increasing evidence shows that ELA has a critical function not only in embryonic development, but also in adulthood, contributing to physiological and pathological conditions, such as the onset of age-related diseases (ARD). However, still little is known about the mechanisms and molecular pathways of ELA, as well as its precise functions in ARD pathophysiology. Here, we report the mechanisms by which ELA/APJ signaling acts in a very complex network of pathways for the maintenance of physiological functions of human tissue and organs, as well as in the onset of some ARD, where it appears to play a central role. Therefore, we describe the possibility to use the ELA/APJ pathway, as novel biomarker (predictive and diagnostic) and target for personalized treatments of ARD. Its potentiality as an optimal peptide candidate for therapeutic ARD treatments is largely described, also detailing potential current limitations.
埃拉贝拉（ELA）、阿佩拉或托德肽是一种属于脂肪因子组的激素肽，是阿片肽能系统的一个组成部分，于2013年至2014年被发现。鉴于其与APJ受体的首个配体阿片肽具有高度同源性，ELA可能介导类似的作用。越来越多的证据表明，ELA不仅在胚胎发育中起关键作用，在成年期也发挥重要作用，与生理和病理状况相关，如与年龄相关疾病（ARD）的发病。然而，关于ELA的机制和分子途径，以及其在ARD病理生理学中的精确功能，我们仍然知之甚少。在此，我们报告了ELA/APJ信号在一个非常复杂的途径网络中发挥作用的机制，该网络用于维持人体组织和器官的生理功能，以及在某些ARD的发病过程中，ELA似乎起着核心作用。因此，我们描述了将ELA/APJ途径用作新型生物标志物（预测性和诊断性）以及ARD个性化治疗靶点的可能性。文中大量阐述了其作为治疗ARD的最佳肽候选物的潜力，同时也详细说明了当前潜在的局限性。
