Boukhrissa Houda, Mechakra Salah, Mahnane Abbes, Lacheheb Abdelmadjid
Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Ferhat Abbas Setif 1, Sétif, Algeria.
Virusdisease. 2023 Sep;34(3):389-394. doi: 10.1007/s13337-023-00840-z. Epub 2023 Sep 19.
Viral hepatitis E, a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in adults, is a global public health problem. The zoonotic potential of the virus is currently accepted in developed countries. In developing countries, where transmission is mainly enteric, data on the animal reservoir are very limited. Our objective was to identify a possible risk of zoonotic transmission in our region (eastern Algeria). Four hundred and thirty four sera from blood donors were analysed by an-ti-HEV IgG antibodies detection using a commercial ELISA kit. Study participants were asked about demographics, contact with farm animals, pets, rats, and with live or shot game during a hunting activity. The anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence was 17.05%. Two risk factors were identified; rat contact with a seroprevalence rate at 51.2% ( < 1p.1000), OR = 6.736 [95% CI 3, 42-13.26] and game contact with a seroprevalence at 33% ( = 0.003), OR = 2.76 [95% CI 1.37-5.56]. In summary, zoonotic transmission is possible in our region. Rats and game should be investigated for a probable animal reservoir.
戊型病毒性肝炎是成人急性病毒性肝炎的主要病因，是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。目前，发达国家已认可该病毒存在人畜共患病传播的可能性。在主要通过肠道传播的发展中国家，关于动物宿主的数据非常有限。我们的目标是确定我们所在地区（阿尔及利亚东部）人畜共患病传播的潜在风险。使用商用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒通过检测抗戊型肝炎病毒免疫球蛋白G抗体，对434份献血者血清进行了分析。研究参与者被问及人口统计学信息、与农场动物、宠物、老鼠以及在狩猎活动中与活猎物或射杀猎物的接触情况。抗戊型肝炎病毒免疫球蛋白G血清阳性率为17.05%。确定了两个风险因素：接触老鼠，血清阳性率为51.2%（<1/1000），比值比=6.736[95%置信区间3.42-13.26]；接触猎物，血清阳性率为33%（P=0.003），比值比=2.76[95%置信区间1.37-5.56]。总之，我们所在地区可能存在人畜共患病传播。应调查老鼠和猎物是否可能是动物宿主。
