白化病儿童中自闭症的患病率。
The prevalence of autism among children with albinism.
作者信息
Gunz Stav, Rozen-Knisbacher Irit, Blumenfeld Anat, Hendler Karen, Yahalom Claudia
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
出版信息
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2024 May;34(3):666-671. doi: 10.1177/11206721231206091. Epub 2023 Oct 3.
BACKGROUND
The association between Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and visual impairment has been mentioned in the literature. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of autism among children with albinism compared to the prevalence of ASD in children with visual impairment secondary to other causes.
METHODS
Retrospective study of children with albinism from January 2015 to December 2020. A control group was created with children with early onset visual impairment of similar visual range and age, secondary to diagnosis other than albinism. Patients with associated Autism were identified in both groups.
RESULTS
Seven hundred and eight children aged 1-18 years with visual impairment were included in the study. 401 children had a diagnosis of albinism, of whom 14 were also diagnosed with ASD. In the control group, composed of 307 patients, only 3 had ASD (p: 0·03).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of ASD in patients with albinism was 1 in 28, while in children with visual impairment from other causes was 1 in 102. We aim to raise awareness of the higher prevalence of autism in children diagnosed with albinism in order to reach earlier diagnosis and support.
背景
文献中已提及自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）与视力障碍之间的关联。我们研究的目的是调查白化病患儿中自闭症的患病率，并与其他原因导致视力障碍的患儿中ASD的患病率进行比较。
方法
对2015年1月至2020年12月期间的白化病患儿进行回顾性研究。设立一个对照组，对照组由因除白化病以外的诊断导致的、具有相似视力范围和年龄的早发性视力障碍患儿组成。在两组中识别出患有自闭症的患者。
结果
该研究纳入了708名1至18岁的视力障碍儿童。401名儿童被诊断为白化病，其中14名也被诊断患有ASD。在由307名患者组成的对照组中，只有3名患有ASD（p值：0.03）。
结论
白化病患者中ASD的患病率为1/28，而其他原因导致视力障碍的儿童中ASD的患病率为1/102。我们旨在提高对诊断为白化病的儿童中自闭症患病率较高的认识，以便实现早期诊断和支持。
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