Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Science, Wroclaw, Poland.
Nuclear Medicine Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Eur J Neurosci. 2023 Nov;58(9):4070-4083. doi: 10.1111/ejn.16156. Epub 2023 Oct 3.
Parkinson's disease (PD) research on specific neuroimaging and neurophysiological biomarkers revealing executive dysfunction mechanisms is limited, necessitating validation. Thus, our study aimed to assess associations between electroencephalographic power spectral density (PSD-EEG), striatal [ F]Fluorodopa uptake and neuropsychological executive function (EF) testing parameters in PD, while also estimating their diagnostic accuracy. We compared resting PSD-EEG, striatal [ F]Fluorodopa uptake ratios based on positron emission computed tomography ([ F]FDOPA PET/CT) and neuropsychological EF tests outcomes [Trail Making Test (TMT) and Stroop Test (ST)] between PD patients and healthy controls (HCO) and then calculated correlations among these measures separately for each group. Additionally, we estimated PD diagnostic accuracy of the PSD-EEG and [ F]FDOPA PET/CT parameters. In PD patients, we observed the following: (i) slower EEG waves, reflected in increased power of the EEG theta and lower-alpha bands in frontal lobe areas; (ii) reduced [ F]FDOPA PET/CT uptake in the putaminal and caudate nuclei, along with a decreased putamen-to-caudate ratio ([ F]FDOPA PET/CT PCR); and (iii) longer performance times evident in nearly all EF tests' parameters. Slower EEG waves correlated negatively with [ F]FDOPA PET/CT PCR and positively with most of the EF test parameters. Furthermore, we found negative correlations between [ F]FDOPA PET/CT PCR and certain EF measures related to ST. [ F]FDOPA PET/CT ratios and several PSD-EEG parameters, particularly those from the prefrontal cortex, demonstrated clinically reasonable diagnostic accuracy for PD. In conclusion, EEG waves slowing in the frontal lobe were correlated with striatal dopaminergic deficiency and impaired executive function in mild PD patients and showed promise as a biomarker of PD-related executive dysfunction.
帕金森病（PD）的特定神经影像学和神经生理学生物标志物研究揭示了执行功能障碍的机制，但这些研究有限，需要验证。因此，我们的研究旨在评估 PD 患者的脑电图功率谱密度（PSD-EEG）、纹状体[ F]氟多巴摄取与神经心理学执行功能（EF）测试参数之间的相关性，同时还估计了它们的诊断准确性。我们比较了 PD 患者和健康对照组（HCO）的静息 PSD-EEG、基于正电子发射计算机断层扫描（[ F]FDOPA PET/CT）的纹状体[ F]氟多巴摄取比值以及神经心理学 EF 测试结果[连线测试（TMT）和斯特鲁普测试（ST）]，然后分别计算了这些测量值在每组中的相关性。此外，我们还估计了 PSD-EEG 和[ F]FDOPA PET/CT 参数的诊断准确性。在 PD 患者中，我们观察到以下几点：（i）较慢的 EEG 波，反映在前额叶区域的 EEG theta 和低 alpha 波段的功率增加；（ii）纹状体和尾状核中的[ F]FDOPA PET/CT 摄取减少，以及纹状体到尾状核的比值降低（[ F]FDOPA PET/CT PCR）；（iii）几乎所有 EF 测试参数的表现时间延长。较慢的 EEG 波与[ F]FDOPA PET/CT PCR 呈负相关，与大多数 EF 测试参数呈正相关。此外，我们发现[ F]FDOPA PET/CT PCR 与某些与 ST 相关的 EF 测量值之间存在负相关。[ F]FDOPA PET/CT 比值和几个 PSD-EEG 参数，特别是来自前额叶的参数，对 PD 具有合理的临床诊断准确性。总之，额叶的 EEG 波减慢与纹状体多巴胺能缺乏和轻度 PD 患者的执行功能障碍有关，并且作为 PD 相关执行功能障碍的生物标志物具有潜力。
