Werenski Hope, Ford Kristy, Casey Dillon, Glass Casey, Schoeneck Jacob
Department of Emergency Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Ultrasound J. 2023 Oct 3;15(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s13089-023-00339-0.
INTRODUCTION: Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of acute osteomyelitis may improve prognosis and prevent further complications. Sonography is useful in the evaluation of osteomyelitis. It can demonstrate early signs of inflammation, such as soft tissue changes near the affected bone, periosteal thickening, periosteal elevation, and subperiosteal abscess. CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old female presented to the emergency department with 3 weeks of worsening left lower extremity pain. She was initially seen by urgent care for left shin erythema and swelling and treated for cellulitis with intramuscular ceftriaxone without improvement. On presentation, she was afebrile and hemodynamically stable with erythema, swelling, and tenderness of the left pretibial soft tissues. Her labs revealed leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers. Point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated a bidirectional flow of fluid through a disruption in the bone cortex visualized on greyscale imaging and confirmed with color and spectral Doppler. The patient was diagnosed with osteomyelitis and treated with antibiotics and incision and drainage by orthopedic surgery. DISCUSSION: The unique sonographic finding of pulsatile flow of fluid within an abscess near bone has not been previously described in the literature. The presence of Doppler signal in any fluid other than blood is known as pseudoflow. The presence of pulsatility in this case, which could represent either blood or pseudoflow, drew the ultrasound operator's eye to the cortical defect and lead to the diagnosis of osteomyelitis. CONCLUSIONS: The sonographic finding of pulsatility in an abscess near bone should raise the concern for communication with the medullary cavity.
引言:急性骨髓炎的早期诊断和积极治疗可改善预后并预防进一步的并发症。超声检查在骨髓炎评估中很有用。它可以显示炎症的早期迹象,如受累骨骼附近的软组织变化、骨膜增厚、骨膜抬高和骨膜下脓肿。 病例介绍:一名68岁女性因左下肢疼痛加重3周就诊于急诊科。她最初因左胫骨红斑和肿胀在紧急护理处就诊,并接受了肌肉注射头孢曲松治疗蜂窝织炎,但病情无改善。就诊时,她无发热,血流动力学稳定,左胫骨前软组织有红斑、肿胀和压痛。她的实验室检查显示白细胞增多和炎症标志物升高。床旁超声显示在灰阶成像上可见骨皮质中断处有双向液体流动,彩色和频谱多普勒证实了这一点。患者被诊断为骨髓炎,并接受了抗生素治疗以及骨科手术的切开引流。 讨论:文献中此前尚未描述过在靠近骨骼的脓肿内出现搏动性液体流动这一独特的超声表现。在除血液以外的任何液体中出现多普勒信号被称为假血流。在这种情况下出现的搏动性,可能代表血液或假血流,引起了超声检查者对皮质缺损的注意,并导致了骨髓炎的诊断。 结论:在靠近骨骼的脓肿中出现搏动性的超声表现应引起对与髓腔相通的关注。
Ultrasound J. 2023-10-3
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