García-Trevijano Elena R, Ortiz-Zapater Elena, Gimeno Amparo, Viña Juan R, Zaragozá Rosa
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
INLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Sep 19;11:1249317. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1249317. eCollection 2023.
Calpain-1 and calpain-2 are calcium-dependent Cys-proteases ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues with a processive, rather than degradative activity. They are crucial for physiological mammary gland homeostasis as well as for breast cancer progression. A growing number of evidences indicate that their pleiotropic functions depend on the cell type, tissue and biological context where they are expressed or dysregulated. This review considers these standpoints to cover the paradoxical role of calpain-1 and -2 in the mammary tissue either, under the physiological conditions of the postlactational mammary gland regression or the pathological context of breast cancer. The role of both calpains will be examined and discussed in both conditions, followed by a brief snapshot on the present and future challenges for calpains, the two-gateway proteases towards tissue homeostasis or tumor development.
钙蛋白酶-1和钙蛋白酶-2是钙依赖性半胱氨酸蛋白酶，在哺乳动物组织中普遍表达，具有持续性而非降解性活性。它们对于生理性乳腺稳态以及乳腺癌进展至关重要。越来越多的证据表明，它们的多效性功能取决于其表达或失调所在的细胞类型、组织和生物学背景。本综述考虑了这些观点，以涵盖钙蛋白酶-1和-2在乳腺组织中的矛盾作用，无论是在哺乳期后乳腺退化的生理条件下还是在乳腺癌的病理背景下。将在这两种情况下研究和讨论这两种钙蛋白酶的作用，随后简要概述钙蛋白酶面临的当前和未来挑战，这两种关键蛋白酶关乎组织稳态或肿瘤发展。
