Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Division of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2024 Apr 1;36(2):190-197. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001299. Epub 2023 Oct 6.
Neurological problems are common in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Various neuroimaging modalities are available for neonatal brain imaging and are selected based on presenting problem, timing and patient stability.
Neuroimaging findings, taken together with clinical factors and serial neurological examination can be used to predict future neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this narrative review, we discuss neonatal neuroimaging modalities, and how these can be optimally utilized to assess infants in the NICU. We will review common patterns of brain injury and neurodevelopmental outcomes in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, perinatal arterial ischemic stroke and preterm brain injury.
Timely and accurate neuroprognostication can identify infants at risk for neurodevelopmental impairment and allow for early intervention and targeted therapies to improve outcomes.
在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院的婴儿中，神经系统问题很常见。有多种神经影像学方法可用于新生儿脑成像，并根据临床表现、时间和患者稳定性选择。
神经影像学发现，结合临床因素和连续的神经系统检查，可用于预测未来的神经发育结果。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们讨论了新生儿神经影像学方法，以及如何优化这些方法来评估 NICU 中的婴儿。我们将回顾缺氧缺血性脑病、围产期动脉缺血性卒中及早产儿脑损伤中常见的脑损伤模式和神经发育结果。
及时准确的神经预后判断可以识别有神经发育障碍风险的婴儿，并进行早期干预和靶向治疗，以改善结果。
