Andrejak M, Hary L
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986 Dec;40(6):610-4. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1986.234.
The purpose of the study was to compare the renal effects of low doses of exogenous dopamine to assess the responsiveness of renal dopaminergic receptors in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Eight hypertensive patients and seven normotensive volunteer subjects were studied. Inulin and para-aminohippuric (PAH) clearances, natriuresis, and fractional excretion of sodium increased significantly after intravenous dosing with dopamine (2 micrograms/min/kg) in both groups. These increases were significantly higher in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects: 31.8% +/- 3.7% vs. 16.2% +/- 1.2% for inulin clearance (P less than 0.01), 83.3% +/- 10.5% vs. 41.1% +/- 3.4% for PAH clearance (P less than 0.01), and 331% +/- 38% vs. 216% +/- 26% for natriuresis (P less than 0.01). These findings suggest hyperresponsiveness to dopamine during hypertension. This enhanced response to exogenous dopamine can be considered as a further argument favoring the existence of a deficit in dopaminergic activity during hypertension. Dopamine also induced a significant reduction in blood pressure and increased heart rate in hypertensive subjects but no significant change in blood pressure and heart rate occurred in normotensive subjects.
该研究的目的是比较低剂量外源性多巴胺对血压正常和高血压受试者肾脏的影响，以评估肾脏多巴胺能受体的反应性。研究了8例高血压患者和7例血压正常的志愿者。两组患者静脉注射多巴胺（2微克/分钟/千克）后，菊粉清除率、对氨基马尿酸（PAH）清除率、利钠作用和钠分数排泄均显著增加。高血压患者的这些增加显著高于血压正常的受试者：菊粉清除率分别为31.8%±3.7%和16.2%±1.2%（P<0.01），PAH清除率分别为83.3%±10.5%和41.1%±3.4%（P<0.01），利钠作用分别为331%±38%和216%±26%（P<0.01）。这些发现表明高血压期间对多巴胺反应过度。对外源性多巴胺的这种增强反应可被视为支持高血压期间多巴胺能活性不足存在的进一步论据。多巴胺还使高血压患者的血压显著降低，心率增加，但血压正常的受试者血压和心率无显著变化。
