Meng Yani, Li Shao-Peng, Wang Shaopeng, Meiners Scott J, Jiang Lin
Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Science and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Sci Adv. 2023 Oct 6;9(40):eadi1279. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adi1279.
A widely assumed, but largely untested, tenet in ecology is that ecosystem stability tends to increase over succession. We rigorously test this idea using 60-year continuous data of old field succession across 480 plots nested within 10 fields. We found that ecosystem temporal stability increased over succession at the larger field scale (γ stability) but not at the local plot scale (α stability). Increased spatial asynchrony among plots within fields increased γ stability, while temporal increases in species stability and decreases in species asynchrony offset each other, resulting in no increase in α stability at the local scale. Furthermore, we found a notable positive diversity-stability relationship at the larger but not local scale, with the increased γ stability at the larger scale associated with increasing functional diversity later in succession. Our results emphasize the importance of spatial scale in assessing ecosystem stability over time and how it relates to biodiversity.
生态学中一个被广泛假定但大多未经检验的原则是，生态系统稳定性往往会随着演替而增加。我们利用嵌套在10个田地中的480个样地的60年旧田地演替连续数据，对这一观点进行了严格检验。我们发现，在较大的田地尺度（γ稳定性）上，生态系统时间稳定性随着演替而增加，但在局部样地尺度（α稳定性）上并非如此。田地内样地间空间异步性的增加提高了γ稳定性，而物种稳定性的时间增加和物种异步性的降低相互抵消，导致局部尺度上α稳定性没有增加。此外，我们发现在较大尺度而非局部尺度上存在显著的正多样性-稳定性关系，较大尺度上γ稳定性的增加与演替后期功能多样性的增加有关。我们的结果强调了空间尺度在评估生态系统随时间的稳定性及其与生物多样性的关系方面的重要性。
