Bharti V, Sugawa S, Mizoguchi M, Kunimi M, Zhang Y, de Léséleuc S, Tomita T, Franz T, Weidemüller M, Ohmori K
Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.
SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Sep 22;131(12):123201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.123201.
We report the observation and control of ultrafast many-body dynamics of electrons in ultracold Rydberg-excited atoms, spatially ordered in a three-dimensional Mott insulator (MI) with unity filling in an optical lattice. By mapping out the time-domain Ramsey interferometry in the picosecond timescale, we can deduce entanglement growth indicating the emergence of many-body correlations via dipolar forces. We analyze our observations with different theoretical approaches and find that the semiclassical model breaks down, thus indicating that quantum fluctuations play a decisive role in the observed dynamics. Combining picosecond Rydberg excitation with MI lattice thus provides a platform for simulating nonequilibrium dynamics of strongly correlated systems in synthetic ultracold atomic crystals, such as in a metal-like quantum gas regime.
我们报告了在光学晶格中具有单位填充率的三维莫特绝缘体（MI）中空间有序排列的超冷里德堡激发原子内电子超快多体动力学的观测与控制。通过在皮秒时间尺度上绘制时域拉姆齐干涉测量图，我们可以推断出纠缠增长，这表明通过偶极相互作用出现了多体关联。我们用不同的理论方法分析观测结果，发现半经典模型失效，从而表明量子涨落在观测到的动力学中起决定性作用。因此，将皮秒里德堡激发与MI晶格相结合，为在合成超冷原子晶体中模拟强关联系统的非平衡动力学提供了一个平台，比如在类金属量子气体 regime 中。
