Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California.
Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
J Adolesc Health. 2024 Jan;74(1):161-168. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.08.011. Epub 2023 Oct 6.
To characterize the relationship between implementation of an antibullying law and bullying rates among high school youth.
School staff (administrators, counselors, and teachers) from public high schools in Maine completed a survey assessing: (1) the frequency with which they implemented 17 components of their district's antibullying policy as mandated by state law; and (2) confidence in implementing the law. Their responses were linked to data on bullying victimization among high school respondents to the Maine Integrated Youth Health Survey, which created a population-based dataset of 84 high schools with 29,818 student responses.
Students in schools where administrators (adjusted odds ratio = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.97) and counselors (adjusted odds ratio = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.92) reported implementing more mandated components of the law experienced notable reductions in the odds of bullying, controlling for student-level characteristics (sex, race, grade) and for school-level bullying rates assessed prior to the passage of the law. With respect to specific implementation components, bullying was most consistently reduced in schools where staff reported increased referrals for counseling and other supports for targets of bullying and in schools where counselors and teachers were interviewed as part of bullying investigations. Students in schools where teachers reported increased confidence in implementing the antibullying law also had reduced odds of bullying.
These data provide some of the first evidence that the efficacy of a state's antibullying law depends in part on the extent to which school personnel implement the law.
描述实施反欺凌法与高中青少年欺凌率之间的关系。
缅因州公立高中的学校工作人员（管理人员、顾问和教师）完成了一项调查，评估他们实施州法律规定的 17 项学区反欺凌政策的频率；以及他们对实施法律的信心。他们的回应与缅因州综合青年健康调查中高中受访者的欺凌受害数据相关联，该调查创建了一个基于人群的数据集，包含 84 所高中和 29818 名学生的回应。
在管理人员（调整后的优势比=0.93；95%置信区间：0.89，0.97）和顾问（调整后的优势比=0.86；95%置信区间：0.81，0.92）报告实施更多法律规定的强制性政策的学校中，学生的欺凌概率显著降低，控制了学生层面的特征（性别、种族、年级）和在法律通过之前评估的学校层面的欺凌率。就具体的实施政策而言，在工作人员报告增加对欺凌目标的咨询和其他支持的学校，以及在顾问和教师作为欺凌调查一部分接受访谈的学校，欺凌现象减少最多。在教师报告对实施反欺凌法更有信心的学校中，学生的欺凌概率也降低了。
这些数据提供了一些首批证据，表明州反欺凌法的效果部分取决于学校人员实施该法的程度。
