Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
Appetite. 2023 Dec 1;191:107076. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107076. Epub 2023 Oct 6.
Appetitive characteristics are associated with child adiposity, but their biological underpinnings are unclear. We sought to investigate the neural correlates of psychometric and behavioral measures of appetitive characteristics in youth. Adolescents (14-18y; 39F, 37M) varying in familial obesity risk and body weight (20% with overweight, 24% with obesity) viewed pictures of high energy-density (ED) foods, low-ED foods and non-foods during fMRI scanning on two separate days. On one day participants consumed a 474 ml preload of water (0 kcal, fasted) and on another (counter-balanced) 474 ml milkshake (480 kcal, fed), before scanning. A multi-item ad libitum meal (ALM) followed scanning. Parents completed Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) sub-scales assessing food approach and food self-regulation. Caloric compensation was calculated as the percentage of preload intake compensated for by down-regulation of ALM intake in the fed vs. fasted condition. Analyses correcting for multiple comparisons demonstrated that, for the fasted condition, higher CEBQ Food Responsiveness scores were associated with greater activation to high-ED (vs. low-ED) foods in regions implicated in food reward (insula, rolandic operculum, putamen). In addition, higher caloric compensation was associated with greater fed vs. fasted activations in response to foods (vs. non-foods) in thalamus and supramarginal gyrus. Uncorrected analyses provided further support for associations of different measures of appetitive characteristics with brain responses to food cues in each condition. Measures of appetitive characteristics demonstrated overlapping and distinct associations with patterns of brain activation elicited by food cues in fasted and fed states. Understanding the neural basis of appetitive characteristics could aid development of biobehaviorally-informed obesity interventions.
食欲特征与儿童肥胖有关，但它们的生物学基础尚不清楚。我们旨在研究青少年心理测量和行为食欲特征的神经相关性。在两天的 fMRI 扫描中，青少年（14-18 岁；39 名女性，37 名男性）在不同的家族肥胖风险和体重（20%超重，24%肥胖）下观看高热量密度（ED）食物、低 ED 食物和非食物的图片。在其中一天，参与者在扫描前饮用了 474ml 的水（0 卡路里，空腹），而在另一天（平衡）则饮用了 474ml 的奶昔（480 卡路里，进食）。扫描后进行了多份随意餐（ALM）。父母完成了儿童饮食行为问卷（CEBQ）的子量表，评估食物接近和食物自我调节。卡路里补偿是指在进食状态下通过减少随意餐摄入来补偿预负荷摄入的百分比。校正多重比较的分析表明，在空腹状态下，CEBQ 食物反应性评分较高与大脑中与食物奖励相关的区域（岛叶、脑岛盖部、壳核）对高 ED（与低 ED）食物的激活增加有关。此外，较高的卡路里补偿与在进食状态下对食物（与非食物）的反应性激活增加有关，涉及丘脑和缘上回。未校正的分析为食欲特征的不同测量值与每种状态下食物线索引起的大脑反应之间的关联提供了进一步的支持。在空腹和进食状态下，食欲特征的测量值与食物线索引起的大脑激活模式表现出重叠和独特的关联。了解食欲特征的神经基础可能有助于开发基于生物行为的肥胖干预措施。
