The clinical efficiency of the Portex in-line blood warmer.

The Portex blood warming coil (200/700/000) and water bath (500/111/010) were tested by comparing the body temperatures of two groups of patients undergoing similar operations, but having transfusions of different rate and quantity. The skin and oesophageal temperatures in the massively transfused patients (5-31 units) did not differ significantly from those having minor transfusions (1-5 units). The temperatures were well maintained in both groups. The lowest mean oesophageal temperatures, during the transfusions, were 35.2 +/- 0.2 in the massively transfused patients and 35.4 +/- 0.1 (SEM) in the control group. The warming capacity of the Portex blood warmer was therefore sufficient for our patients. If, however, transfusion rates, higher than those in this study (maximum 96 ml min-1 during the rapid transfusion phase) are needed, a more effective blood warmer may be beneficial.