Liu Yiming, Shen Yong
Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;96(2):459-471. doi: 10.3233/JAD-230098.
With the rapid aging of the global population, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases has become a significant concern, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) being the most common. However, the clinical trials of many drugs targeting AD have failed due to the challenges posed by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which makes intracerebral administration of drugs difficult. However, nanoparticles (NPs) may aid in the delivery of such drugs. NPs are materials with sizes between 1-100 nm that offer several advantages, such as improving biocompatibility, prolonging half-life, transporting large molecules, crossing the BBB to deliver to the central nervous system, and exhibiting good targeting ability. In addition to drug delivery, NPs also have excellent diagnostic potential, and multifunctional NPs can integrate the advantages of diagnosis, targeting, and treatment. This mini-review article provides an overview of NPs, including the composition of the carrier, strategies for crossing the BBB, and different targets of AD pathology, with the aim of providing guidance for the development prospects of NPs.
随着全球人口的快速老龄化，神经退行性疾病的患病率已成为一个重大问题，其中阿尔茨海默病（AD）最为常见。然而，由于血脑屏障（BBB）带来的挑战，许多针对AD的药物临床试验都失败了，这使得药物的脑内给药变得困难。然而，纳米颗粒（NPs）可能有助于此类药物的递送。纳米颗粒是尺寸在1至100纳米之间的材料，具有多种优势，如提高生物相容性、延长半衰期、运输大分子、穿过血脑屏障以递送至中枢神经系统以及表现出良好的靶向能力。除了药物递送外，纳米颗粒还具有出色的诊断潜力，多功能纳米颗粒可以整合诊断、靶向和治疗的优势。这篇综述文章概述了纳米颗粒，包括载体的组成、穿过血脑屏障的策略以及AD病理学的不同靶点，旨在为纳米颗粒的发展前景提供指导。
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