González-Madrid Antonia, Calfío Camila, González Andrea, Lüttges Valentina, Maccioni Ricardo B
International Center for Biomedicine - ICC and Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;96(2):439-457. doi: 10.3233/JAD-230454.
Different investigations lead to the urgent need to generate validated clinical protocols as a tool for medical doctors to orientate patients under risk for a preventive approach to control Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, there is consensus that the combined effects of risk factors for the disease can be modified according to lifestyle, thus controlling at least 40% of cases. The other fraction of cases are derived from candidate genes and epigenetic components as a relevant factor in AD pathogenesis. At this point, it appears to be of critical relevance the search for molecular biomarkers that may provide information on probable pathological events and alert about early detectable risks to prevent symptomatic events of the disease. These precocious detection markers will then allow early interventions of non-symptomatic subjects at risk. Here, we summarize the status and potential avenues of prevention and highlight the usefulness of biological and reliable markers for AD.
不同的研究迫切需要制定经过验证的临床方案,作为医生指导有风险的患者采取预防措施来控制阿尔茨海默病的工具。此外,人们一致认为,该疾病风险因素的综合影响可以根据生活方式进行调整,从而控制至少40%的病例。另一部分病例则源于候选基因和表观遗传成分,它们是阿尔茨海默病发病机制中的相关因素。在这一点上,寻找分子生物标志物似乎至关重要,这些标志物可以提供有关可能的病理事件的信息,并警示早期可检测到的风险,以预防该疾病的症状性事件。这些早熟的检测标志物将使处于风险中的无症状受试者能够尽早得到干预。在此,我们总结了预防的现状和潜在途径,并强调了用于阿尔茨海默病的生物学和可靠标志物的有用性。