Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Sep 21;14:1150661. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150661. eCollection 2023.
Autoimmune diseases are affected by complex pathophysiology involving multiple cell types, cytokines, antibodies and mimicking factors. Different drugs are used to improve these autoimmune responses, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, antibodies, and small molecule drugs (DMARDs), which are prevalent clinically in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), etc. However, low cost-effectiveness, reduced efficacy, adverse effects, and patient non-response are unattractive factors driving the development of new drugs such as iguratimod. As a new disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, iguratimod has pharmacological activities such as regulating autoimmune disorders, inflammatory cytokines, regulating immune cell activation, differentiation and proliferation, improving bone metabolism, and inhibiting fibrosis. In recent years, clinical studies have found that iguratimod is effective in the treatment of RA, SLE, IGG4-RD, Sjogren 's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, interstitial lung disease, and other autoimmune diseases and rheumatic diseases. The amount of basic and clinical research on other autoimmune diseases is also increasing. Therefore, this review systematically reviews the latest relevant literature in recent years, reviews the research results in recent years, and summarizes the research progress of iguratimod in the treatment of related diseases. This review highlights the role of iguratimod in the protection of autoimmune and rheumatic bone and related immune diseases. It is believed that iguratimod's unique mode of action and its favorable patient response compared to other DMARDs make it a suitable antirheumatic and bone protective agent in the future.
自身免疫性疾病受复杂的病理生理学影响，涉及多种细胞类型、细胞因子、抗体和模拟因子。不同的药物被用于改善这些自身免疫反应，包括非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、皮质类固醇、抗体和小分子药物（DMARDs），这些药物在类风湿关节炎（RA）等疾病的治疗中在临床上普遍应用。然而，低成本效益、疗效降低、不良反应和患者无反应是促使新型药物如依阁替莫发展的不利因素。作为一种新型的疾病修饰抗风湿药物，依阁替莫具有调节自身免疫紊乱、炎症细胞因子、调节免疫细胞激活、分化和增殖、改善骨代谢和抑制纤维化等药理活性。近年来，临床研究发现依阁替莫在治疗 RA、SLE、IGG4-RD、干燥综合征、强直性脊柱炎、间质性肺病等自身免疫性疾病和风湿性疾病方面有效。其他自身免疫性疾病的基础和临床研究数量也在增加。因此，本综述系统地回顾了近年来的最新相关文献，回顾了近年来的研究结果，并总结了依阁替莫在治疗相关疾病方面的研究进展。本综述强调了依阁替莫在保护自身免疫性和风湿性骨骼及相关免疫性疾病方面的作用。人们相信，依阁替莫独特的作用模式及其与其他 DMARDs 相比对患者的有利反应，使其成为未来一种合适的抗风湿和骨保护药物。
