Sundaram S Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishnan T, Krishnan Sneha G, Narayan Keerthi V, Shankar Siva, Kanimozhi G
Periodontology, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND.
Periodontics, Dental Clinic, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Sep 6;15(9):e44757. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44757. eCollection 2023 Sep.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on systemic inflammatory markers, glycemic status, and levels of proteinuria in Type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with chronic periodontitis.
A total of 120 patients, categorized into three groups of 40 each, were included in this randomized observational study. Group 1 comprised patients with chronic periodontitis; Group 2 had chronic periodontitis with controlled diabetes; and Group 3 represented patients with chronic periodontitis with uncontrolled diabetes based on fasting blood sugar (FBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Periodontal clinical parameters like plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels were evaluated. Blood samples and urine samples were collected and assessed for the levels of FBS, HbA1c, total protein, albumin, globulin, and proteinuria. All parameters recorded at baseline and three months after non-surgical periodontal therapy were analyzed for statistical significance at p <.05 using SPSS Inc. Released 2007. SPSS for Windows, Version 16.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc.
A significant reduction in the periodontal clinical parameters within the groups, except for the clinical attachment level in Group 1 patients (p = 0.05), was observed. Glycemic status revealed a significant reduction after non-surgical periodontal therapy (p < 0.001), and on intragroup comparison, the total protein, albumin, globulin, and microprotein blood and urine levels showed significance among the evaluated groups (p < 0.001).
Non-surgical periodontal treatment can effectively improve the periodontal and circulating inflammatory status. Results of our study showed improved glycemic control and a reduction in systemic inflammatory markers and proteinuria after performing non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.
本研究旨在评估非手术牙周治疗（NSPT）对患有慢性牙周炎的2型糖尿病和非糖尿病个体的全身炎症标志物、血糖状态和蛋白尿水平的影响。
本随机观察性研究共纳入120例患者，分为三组，每组40例。第1组为慢性牙周炎患者；第2组为糖尿病得到控制的慢性牙周炎患者；第3组为根据空腹血糖（FBS）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平诊断为糖尿病未得到控制的慢性牙周炎患者。评估了牙周临床参数，如菌斑指数、牙龈指数、探诊出血、牙周袋深度和临床附着水平。采集血样和尿样，检测FBS、HbA1c、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和蛋白尿水平。使用SPSS Inc. 2007年发布的SPSS for Windows 16.0版本对基线和非手术牙周治疗三个月后记录的所有参数进行统计学分析，p <.05具有统计学意义。
除第1组患者的临床附着水平外（p = 0.05），各治疗组的牙周临床参数均显著降低。非手术牙周治疗后血糖状态显著降低（p < 0.001），组内比较显示，各评估组的总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白以及血、尿微量蛋白水平均有显著差异（p < 0.001）。
非手术牙周治疗可有效改善牙周和循环炎症状态。我们的研究结果表明，对2型糖尿病患者进行非手术牙周治疗后，血糖控制得到改善，全身炎症标志物和蛋白尿减少。
