Xu Yanfeng, Chen Sishi, Su Xiaojie, Yu Delin
School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Normal College, Urumqi Vocational University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Front Psychol. 2023 Sep 22;14:1238308. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1238308. eCollection 2023.
Relative deprivation is one of the factors that influences the development of personality and behavior. However, it is still unclear whether and how relative deprivation decreases the prosocial behavior in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the association between relative deprivation and adolescent prosocial behavior and the role of emotion regulation strategies and empathy in modifying this association.
The present study included 609 secondary school students ( = 15.42 years, = 0.653) in Fujian Province, China. All participants completed the Relative Deprivation Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Scale, the Basic Empathy Scale, and Prosocial Behavior Scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 7.4.
Relative deprivation was negatively correlated with cognitive reappraisal, but positively correlated with expressive suppression. Cognitive reappraisal was positively correlated with empathy and prosocial behavior, but expressive suppression was not. Empathy was positively correlated with prosocial behavior. Relative deprivation decreased prosocial behavior through (a) cognitive reappraisal, (b) empathy, and (c) chain mediation of cognitive reappraisal and empathy. No significant mediating effect of expressive suppression was found.
The results indicate that relative deprivation decreases adolescent prosocial behavior, and that cognitive reappraisal and empathy are the potential psychological mechanisms that affect the association between relative deprivation and adolescent prosocial behavior.
相对剥夺是影响人格和行为发展的因素之一。然而，相对剥夺是否以及如何降低青少年的亲社会行为仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨相对剥夺与青少年亲社会行为之间的关联，以及情绪调节策略和共情在调节这种关联中的作用。
本研究纳入了中国福建省的609名中学生（平均年龄=15.42岁，标准差=0.653）。所有参与者均完成了相对剥夺问卷、情绪调节量表、基本共情量表和亲社会行为量表。使用SPSS 25.0和Mplus 7.4对收集到的数据进行分析。
相对剥夺与认知重评呈负相关，但与表达抑制呈正相关。认知重评与共情和亲社会行为呈正相关，但表达抑制则不然。共情与亲社会行为呈正相关。相对剥夺通过以下方式降低亲社会行为：（a）认知重评，（b）共情，以及（c）认知重评和共情的链式中介作用。未发现表达抑制有显著的中介作用。
结果表明，相对剥夺会降低青少年的亲社会行为，认知重评和共情是影响相对剥夺与青少年亲社会行为之间关联的潜在心理机制。
