Richard Fogue, Mpele Mamba
Department of civil Engineering; National Polytechnics Higher School, Yaounde , Cameroon ,P.O Box ,6449.
Heliyon. 2023 Aug 24;9(9):e19256. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19256. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Layered elastic theory (LET) was performed by Burmister It helped to build mechanistic - empirical (M-E) pavement design. In this study, three different approaches were used to predict Cumulative Equivalent single axle load (C-ESAL) over the design period. Two were based on M-E and one was empirical. In each of these cases, standard axle loads were used as well as weight limits and vehicle classification, according to their axle configurations (single, tandem, tridem). Traffic data came from annual traffic census campaigns over the past ten years. Gross vehicle weight (GVW) and axle weight (AW) data came from a fixed weighing station performed during 31 days in 2020. Two road axis were considered: One having a weighing station (reference road) and one under technical studies (specific road). Traffic road data were used to perform regression analyses and predictions. AW and GVW helped to calculate Axle load equivalency factors (ALEF) and Truck equivalency factors (TEF) on the reference road. These values were projected on the specific road. Frequency distribution, gross vehicle weight distribution, axle load distribution of heavy vehicles are applied on the reference road. We performed overload AW and overload GVW analyses. Comparisons were done for the three approaches and an evaluation of technical studies was proposed, including traffic and AW monitoring and management systems. This work came as a basis for the transposition of M-E calculation of traffic inputs, more accurate and used over the passed fifty years, in Higher Income countries, called AASHTO method for USA, LCPC-SETRA method for France, to Cameroon and Sub-sahara African countries, that have been using empirical generation of traffic inputs over the same period, called CEBTP method.
分层弹性理论（LET）由伯米斯特提出，它有助于构建力学经验（M-E）路面设计。在本研究中，采用了三种不同方法来预测设计期内的累计当量单轴荷载（C-ESAL）。其中两种基于M-E方法，一种是经验方法。在每种情况下，均根据轴配置（单轴、双联轴、三联轴）使用了标准轴载以及重量限制和车辆分类。交通数据来自过去十年的年度交通普查活动。车辆总重（GVW）和轴重（AW）数据来自2020年31天内运行的一个固定称重站。考虑了两条道路轴线：一条设有称重站（参考道路），另一条处于技术研究阶段（特定道路）。利用交通道路数据进行回归分析和预测。在参考道路上，AW和GVW有助于计算轴载等效系数（ALEF）和卡车等效系数（TEF）。这些值被推算到特定道路上。重型车辆的频率分布、车辆总重分布和轴载分布应用于参考道路。我们进行了超载AW和超载GVW分析。对这三种方法进行了比较，并对技术研究提出了评估建议，包括交通和AW监测与管理系统。这项工作为将在高收入国家过去五十年来使用的、更精确的交通输入M-E计算方法（美国的AASHTO方法、法国的LCPC-SETRA方法）应用到喀麦隆和撒哈拉以南非洲国家奠定了基础，这些国家同期一直使用交通输入的经验生成方法（CEBTP方法）。
