荧光假单胞菌和尿素联合应用可以缓解农田土壤酸化。
Combined application of Pseudomonas fluorescens and urea can mitigate rapid acidification of cropland Ultisol.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Jan 1;906:167652. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167652. Epub 2023 Oct 7.
Rhizobacteria maintain a healthy soil required for crop growth. This has led to increased interest in the use of bacteria-based biofertilizers in agriculture as they improve soil nutrient content and protect plants against pathogens. However, the effect of bacteria inoculum on N transformation and soil physicochemical properties during urea fertilization remains unexploited. Thus, this study investigated the effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens on urea N transformation in an acidic Ultisol within a 70-d incubation period. The results revealed that (1) soil pH peaked on d 5 (pH 5.58) and 20 (pH 6.23) and rapidly decreased till d 62 (pH 4.10) and 50 (pH 4.93) for urea and urea + bacteria treatments, respectively, and remained constant thereafter. After 70 d, the pH of the bacteria-treated Ultisol remained higher (0.78 pH units) than that of urea-treated Ultisol; (2) the change in soil pH was in agreement with the mineralization trend of N, as the concentration of NH-N peaked on d 5 (134.2 mg N kg) and 20 (423 mg N kg) before decreasing to 62.1 and 276.1 mg N kg on d 70 in urea-treated and bacteria-treated Ultisol, respectively; and (3) P. fluorescens consumed protons produced during nitrification to retard rapid decrease in soil pH, decreased soil exchangeable acidity (33.3 %), increased soil effective cation exchange capacity (32.8 %), and increased the solubility of soil exchangeable base cations (68.4 %, Ca + Mg + K + Na). Thus, bacterial inoculum could promote N mineralization, enhance nutrient solubility, and retard soil acidification during N transformation in soils.
根际细菌维持着作物生长所需的健康土壤。这导致人们对细菌生物肥料在农业中的应用产生了浓厚的兴趣，因为它们可以提高土壤养分含量，并保护植物免受病原体的侵害。然而，细菌接种物对尿素施肥过程中氮转化和土壤理化性质的影响尚未得到充分利用。因此，本研究在 70 天的培养期内，研究了荧光假单胞菌对酸性弱富铁土中尿素氮转化的影响。结果表明：（1）土壤 pH 值在第 5 天（pH 5.58）和第 20 天（pH 6.23）达到峰值，然后迅速下降，至第 62 天（pH 4.10）和第 50 天（pH 4.93）时，尿素和尿素+细菌处理的土壤 pH 值分别迅速下降，并在此后保持稳定。70 天后，细菌处理的弱富铁土的 pH 值仍高于尿素处理的弱富铁土（0.78 pH 单位）；（2）土壤 pH 值的变化与氮的矿化趋势一致，因为 NH-N 浓度在第 5 天（134.2 mg N kg）和第 20 天（423 mg N kg）达到峰值，然后分别在第 70 天下降到 62.1 和 276.1 mg N kg；（3）荧光假单胞菌消耗硝化过程中产生的质子来减缓土壤 pH 值的快速下降，降低土壤可交换酸度（33.3%），增加土壤有效阳离子交换能力（32.8%），并增加土壤可交换碱基阳离子的溶解度（68.4%，Ca+Mg+K+Na）。因此，细菌接种物可以促进氮的矿化，提高养分的溶解度，并在土壤中氮转化过程中减缓土壤酸化。
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