Transcatheter arterial embolisation for the relief of shoulder and elbow chronic joint pain refractory to conventional treatment: Systematic review.

Angiogenesis and accompanying nerve fibres might cause unsettling joint pain. Studies have suggested that transcatheter arterial embolisation (TAE) of these abnormal neovessels could relieve pain and symptoms in patients with upper limb joint pain refractory to conventional treatment. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of TAE in treating chronic pain of shoulder and elbow joints that have been resistant to other treatments. Using six databases, a systematic review was performed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The primary outcome involved changes in the visual analogue scale (VAS) after TAE; while secondary outcomes involved comparing other parameters where relevant. Average VAS decreased from baseline, then at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 4 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 44 months (7.5 at baseline vs. 4.7, 4.3, 3.4, 2.1, 2.5, 1.2, 0.7, 1.1 and 0.1, respectively). Average Quick-DASH scores decreased from baseline, then at 1, 3 and 6 months (61.3 at baseline vs. 30.6, 19.3 and 6.9, respectively). Minor adverse events were reported in 27/143 (18.9%) patients, where they resolved spontaneously or with oral analgesia. TAE is a possible treatment option for refractory shoulder and elbow joint pain; however, randomised controlled trials are still required.