Hertenstein Elisabeth, Schneider Carlotta, Nissen Christoph
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2023 Oct;148(21):1384-1390. doi: 10.1055/a-2182-0463. Epub 2023 Oct 11.
Patients with insomnia suffer from problems falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep. This has a negative effect on their daytime wellbeing and performance. Insomnia is primarily diagnosed by a detailed clinical history, supplemented by questionnaires and sleep diaries. Polysomnography may be necessary for the differential diagnosis of organic sleep disorders. Insomnia is a frequent comorbidity of most mental disorders and many physical diseases. It is treated according to guidelines with cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). CBT-I is offered in individual or group format as well as online-supported treatment. If behavioural therapy is not effective or not available, pharmacotherapy can be discussed.
失眠患者存在入睡困难和/或维持睡眠的问题。这对他们白天的健康和表现有负面影响。失眠主要通过详细的临床病史进行诊断，并辅以问卷和睡眠日记。多导睡眠图对于器质性睡眠障碍的鉴别诊断可能是必要的。失眠是大多数精神障碍和许多躯体疾病常见的共病。根据指南，采用失眠认知行为疗法（CBT-I）进行治疗。CBT-I以个体或团体形式提供，也有在线支持治疗。如果行为疗法无效或无法提供，可以讨论药物治疗。
