Cornu Emma, Pintiaux Axelle, Reuter Gilles, Kridelka Frédéric, Pétrossians Patrick, Potorac Iulia
Service de Gynécologie, CHU Liège, Belgique.
Service de Neurochirurgie, CHU Liège, Belgique.
Rev Med Liege. 2023 Oct;78(10):550-557.
The risks of meningioma associated with the use of cyproterone acetate at high doses (25 to 100 mg/day) have been known since 2007. Recently, two additional molecules have been incriminated: nomegestrol acetate and chlormadinone acetate. The higher the cumulative dose and the longer the treatment duration, the bigger the risk of meningioma (12-fold after 5 years of treatment for nomegestrol acetate, and 7-fold after 3.5 years of treatment for chlormadinone acetate). Nevertheless, these medications have many indications that demonstrate their importance in the daily practice of the general practitioner, of the gynecologist and of the reproductive endocrinologist. Therefore, caution is required when introducing a powerful progestin that is incriminated in the long term at high doses. If the benefit/risk balance favours the initiation of progestin therapy, it is recommended to use the minimal effective dose and to limit the duration of use. Clinical and brain imaging monitoring should also be performed. Finally, if a meningioma develops on progestin, it is recommended that any medication containing a progesterone agonist be suspended.
自2007年起,就已知道高剂量(25至100毫克/天)使用醋酸环丙孕酮与脑膜瘤风险有关。最近,另外两种药物也被认定与此有关:醋酸诺美孕酮和醋酸氯地孕酮。累积剂量越高、治疗持续时间越长,患脑膜瘤的风险就越大(醋酸诺美孕酮治疗5年后风险增加12倍,醋酸氯地孕酮治疗3.5年后风险增加7倍)。然而,这些药物有许多适应症,表明它们在全科医生、妇科医生和生殖内分泌学家的日常实践中很重要。因此,引入一种长期高剂量被认定有风险的强效孕激素时需要谨慎。如果获益/风险平衡有利于启动孕激素治疗,建议使用最低有效剂量并限制使用时间。还应进行临床和脑部影像学监测。最后,如果在使用孕激素期间发生脑膜瘤,建议停用任何含有孕激素激动剂的药物。