Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, U.S.A.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2024 Mar;37(3):227-231. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-08-23-0120-FI. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
The multifaceted role of pathogen-encoded effectors in plant-pathogen interactions is complex and not fully understood. Effectors operate within intricate host environments, interacting with host proteins and other effectors to modulate virulence. The complex interplay between effectors raises the concept of metaeffectors, wherein some effectors regulate the activity of others. While previous research has demonstrated the importance of effector repertoires in pathogen virulence, only a limited number of studies have investigated the interactions between these effectors. This study explores the interactions among effector candidates (ECs). haustorial transcriptome analysis identified a collection of predicted ECs. Among these, EC23 was found to interact with EC48, prompting further exploration into their potential interaction with other effectors. Here, we utilized a yeast two-hybrid screen to explore protein-protein interactions between ECs. A split-luciferase complementation assay also demonstrated that these interactions could occur within soybean cells. Interestingly, EC48 displayed the ability to interact with several small cysteine-rich proteins (SCRPs), suggesting its affinity for this specific class of effectors. We show that these interactions involve a histidine-rich domain within EC48, emphasizing the significance of structural motifs in mediating effector interactions. The unique nature of EC48, showing no sequence matches in other organisms, suggests its relatively recent evolution and potential orphan gene status. Our work reveals insights into the intricate network of interactions among effector-effector interactions. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
病原菌效应因子在植物-病原菌互作中的多效性作用复杂且尚未完全阐明。效应因子在复杂的宿主环境中发挥作用，与宿主蛋白和其他效应因子相互作用以调节毒性。效应因子的复杂相互作用提出了元效应因子的概念，其中一些效应因子调节其他效应因子的活性。虽然先前的研究已经证明了效应因子库在病原体毒力中的重要性，但只有有限的研究调查了这些效应因子之间的相互作用。本研究探讨了效应因子候选物（ECs）之间的相互作用。 吸器转录组分析鉴定了一组预测的 ECs。在这些 EC 中，发现 EC23 与 EC48 相互作用，这促使进一步探索它们与其他效应因子的潜在相互作用。在这里，我们利用酵母双杂交筛选来探索 EC 之间的蛋白-蛋白相互作用。分裂萤光素酶互补测定也表明这些相互作用可以在大豆细胞内发生。有趣的是，EC48 显示出与几种小半胱氨酸富含蛋白（SCRPs）相互作用的能力，表明其对这一特定类效应因子的亲和力。我们表明这些相互作用涉及 EC48 内的一个富含组氨酸的结构域，强调了结构基序在介导效应因子相互作用中的重要性。EC48 的独特性质，在其他生物体中没有序列匹配，表明其相对较新的进化和潜在的孤儿基因状态。我们的工作揭示了效应因子-效应因子相互作用之间错综复杂的相互作用网络的见解。 [公式: 见正文] 版权所有 © 2024 作者。这是一个在 CC BY 4.0 国际许可下发布的开放获取文章。
