Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States; Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States.
Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 20;905:167799. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167799. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Limited data exist on how surface charge and morphology impact the effectiveness of nanoscale copper oxide (CuO) as an agricultural amendment under field conditions. This study investigated the impact of these factors on tomatoes and watermelons following foliar treatment with CuO nanosheets (NS-) or nanospikes (NP+ and NP-) exhibiting positive or negative surface charge. Results showed plant species-dependent benefits. Notably, tomatoes infected with Fusarium oxysporum had significantly reduced disease progression when treated with NS-. Watermelons benefited similarly from NP+. Although disease suppression was significant and trends indicated increased yield, the yield effects weren't statistically significant. However, several nanoscale treatments significantly enhanced the fruit's nutritional value, and this nano-enabled biofortification was a function of particle charge and morphology. Negatively charged nanospikes significantly increased the Fe content of healthy watermelon and tomato (20-28 %) and Ca in healthy tomato (66 %), compared to their positively charged counterpart. Negatively charged nanospikes also outperformed negatively charged nanosheets, leading to significant increases in the content of S and Mg in infected watermelon (37-38 %), Fe in healthy watermelon (58 %), and Ca (42 %) in healthy tomato. These findings highlight the potential of tuning nanoscale CuO chemistry for disease suppression and enhanced food quality under field conditions.
关于表面电荷和形态如何影响纳米氧化铜 (CuO) 在田间条件下作为农业改良剂的有效性，相关数据有限。本研究调查了这些因素对叶面处理后带正电荷或负电荷的 CuO 纳米片 (NS-) 或纳米刺 (NP+ 和 NP-) 的番茄和西瓜的影响。结果表明，这些因素对不同植物物种有不同的影响。值得注意的是，当番茄感染尖孢镰刀菌时，用 NS-处理可显著减缓病情发展。NP+ 对西瓜也有类似的益处。尽管病害抑制效果显著且趋势表明产量增加，但产量效应并不具有统计学意义。然而，几种纳米处理显著提高了果实的营养价值，这种纳米增强的生物强化作用是颗粒电荷和形态的函数。与带正电荷的纳米刺相比，带负电荷的纳米刺显著增加了健康西瓜和番茄的铁含量 (20-28%) 和健康番茄的钙含量 (66%)。带负电荷的纳米刺还优于带负电荷的纳米片，导致感染西瓜的硫和镁含量 (37-38%)、健康西瓜的铁含量 (58%) 和健康番茄的钙含量 (42%) 显著增加。这些发现强调了在田间条件下通过调整纳米氧化铜化学性质来抑制病害和提高食物质量的潜力。
