Sosibo Aubrey M, Mzimela Nomusa C, Ngubane Phikelelani S, Khathi Andile
College of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Westville 3629, South Africa.
College of Health Sciences, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Westville 3629, South Africa.
Prim Care Diabetes. 2023 Dec;17(6):650-654. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.10.004. Epub 2023 Oct 13.
Due to pre-diabetes being underexplored, its prevalence was investigated in study participants aged 25-45 years in a Durban-based tertiary-level clinical setting in South Africa.
The study was done using a retrospective study design. Fasting blood samples from consented patients with no previous diagnosis of diabetes and within the specified age range were collected from King Edward Hospital in Durban. The pre-diabetes diagnosis was confirmed in participants with fasting glucose concentrations between 5.6 and 6.9 mmol/L and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels between 5.7 % and 6.4 % using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and World Health Organisation (WHO) diagnosis criteria. The study participants' characterisation was stratified according to the diagnosis criterion, age, gender and ethnicity.
An alarming 68 % average pre-diabetes prevalence across ADA and WHO criteria in the Durban, eThekwini district sample population. The highest prevalence was recorded using the IFG criterion (83%) and the lowest when using the HbA1c criterion (54 %). Between the White, Black and Indian ethnic groups, the Indian group were more predisposed to pre-diabetes onset, with a prevalence of 62.7 %.
If pre-diabetes management is unattended, an unprecedented increase in metabolic disorders such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and all-cause mortality incidence can be expected. Therefore, the study reveals a window of opportunity to intensify preventative measures and mitigate the incidence of T2DM.
由于糖尿病前期尚未得到充分研究，在南非德班一家三级临床机构中，对25至45岁的研究参与者的糖尿病前期患病率进行了调查。
本研究采用回顾性研究设计。从德班爱德华国王医院收集了来自同意参与研究、此前未被诊断出患有糖尿病且在指定年龄范围内患者的空腹血样。根据美国糖尿病协会（ADA）和世界卫生组织（WHO）的诊断标准，空腹血糖浓度在5.6至6.9毫摩尔/升之间且糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平在5.7%至6.4%之间的参与者被确诊为糖尿病前期。研究参与者根据诊断标准、年龄、性别和种族进行分类。
在德班伊泰夸尼区样本人群中，根据ADA和WHO标准，糖尿病前期平均患病率高达68%，令人担忧。使用空腹血糖受损（IFG）标准时患病率最高（83%），使用HbA1c标准时患病率最低（54%）。在白人、黑人和印度裔族群中，印度裔族群更容易患糖尿病前期，患病率为62.7%。
如果不重视糖尿病前期的管理，预计2型糖尿病（T2DM）等代谢紊乱疾病以及全因死亡率将会前所未有的增加。因此，该研究揭示了加强预防措施并降低T2DM发病率的机会之窗。
