青少年心理社会健康问题的新负担：一项基于68个国家202040名青少年的人群研究。
Emerging burdens of adolescent psychosocial health problems: a population-based study of 202 040 adolescents from 68 countries.
作者信息
Rahman Md Ashfikur, Kundu Satyajit, Christopher Enryka, Ahinkorah Bright Opoku, Okyere Joshua, Uddin Riaz, Mahumud Rashidul Alam
机构信息
Development Studies Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh.
Global Health Institute, North South University, Bangladesh; and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh.
出版信息
BJPsych Open. 2023 Oct 16;9(6):e188. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2023.583.
BACKGROUND
Psychosocial health problems are major public health burdens for adolescents. Identifying risk factors is essential to containing negative health implications.
AIMS
This study aimed to estimate the burden of psychosocial health problems among adolescents, and identify potential risk and protective factors.
METHOD
We used the Global School-based Student Health Survey data from 68 countries across six World Health Organization regions. We computed the overall, national- and regional-level weighted estimates of the mean number of psychosocial health problems. Adjusted Poisson regression models examined the factors associated with psychosocial health problems.
RESULTS
Our sample totalled 202 040 adolescents aged 11-17 years (mean age 14.6 [s.d. 1.18] years), composed of 95 589 (47.31%) boys and 104 191 (51.57%) girls (2260 (1.12%) missing answers). Samoa had the highest mean number of psychosocial health problems (mean 2.64 [s.d. 1.41]), and Niue had the lowest (mean 0.33 [s.d. 0.72]). In the pooled analysis, the following factors were associated with higher rates of psychosocial health problems in adolescents globally: ≥13 years of age, being female, experiencing food insecurity, experiencing physical violence, having been bullied, engagement in physical altercation, experiencing serious injury, missing school without parental permission, lack of parental support or monitoring, parents who were not understanding of their child's problems and high sedentary behaviour. Being female, food insecurity, bullying, physical attacks or serious injury were all significantly associated with higher rates of psychosocial health problems in each of the six regions separately.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of psychosocial health problems is high among adolescents, although there are country-level variations. Health promotion strategies should consider the identified factors to promote adolescents' health and well-being.
背景
心理社会健康问题是青少年面临的主要公共卫生负担。识别风险因素对于控制负面健康影响至关重要。
目的
本研究旨在评估青少年心理社会健康问题的负担，并识别潜在的风险和保护因素。
方法
我们使用了来自世界卫生组织六个区域68个国家的全球学校-based学生健康调查数据。我们计算了心理社会健康问题平均数量的总体、国家和区域层面加权估计值。调整后的泊松回归模型研究了与心理社会健康问题相关的因素。
结果
我们的样本共有202040名11至17岁的青少年（平均年龄14.6岁[标准差1.18岁]），其中包括95589名（47.31%）男孩和104191名（51.57%）女孩（2260名[1.12%]回答缺失）。萨摩亚的心理社会健康问题平均数量最高（平均2.64[标准差1.41]），纽埃最低（平均0.33[标准差0.72]）。在汇总分析中，以下因素与全球青少年心理社会健康问题发生率较高相关：年龄≥13岁、女性、经历粮食不安全、遭受身体暴力、被欺负、参与肢体冲突、遭受严重伤害、未经父母允许缺课、缺乏父母支持或监督、父母不理解孩子的问题以及久坐行为较多。在六个区域中，女性、粮食不安全、被欺负、身体攻击或严重伤害分别与心理社会健康问题发生率较高显著相关。
结论
青少年心理社会健康问题的患病率较高，尽管存在国家层面的差异。健康促进策略应考虑已识别的因素，以促进青少年的健康和幸福。
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