Linköping University, Sweden.
Linköping University, Sweden.
Accid Anal Prev. 2024 Jan;194:107335. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107335. Epub 2023 Oct 15.
Young people represent a high-risk group of drivers and the prevalence of road traffic crashes among young drivers is high. Thus, to increase traffic safety, it is essential to ensure that new drivers are both sufficiently educated in and assessed for risk awareness. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility and potential benefit of using a driving simulator screening test as a complement to the existing on-road driving test. The main idea is to detect drivers who are not ready to proceed to the driving test. A comparative study was performed with participants who passed and failed a simulator test and an on-road driving test, respectively. A comparison between subjective and objective measures of performance and risk was also included. A driving simulator was placed at a traffic school and customers were recruited as participants. In total, 70 participants took part in the study and the simulated drive consisted of rural roads, urban traffic, and motorways with 16 different scenarios, constructed from the second level of the GDE matrix, to examine driving behavior, attention, and risk perception. The results show that with a screening test in a driving simulator, it is possible to detect drivers who consider themselves ready to take a driving test, but who have not yet reached the level of risk awareness required to be a safe driver. Test scenarios should be suited to detect deficiencies in risk awareness, test different levels of the GDE matrix and, to complement the driving test, be difficult to assess in an on-road driving test. Deficiencies in self-evaluation that are well-known among young drivers are again confirmed. To practice self-evaluation, the driving simulator is suggested as a pedagogical tool, linked to the GDE matrix.
年轻人是高风险驾驶群体，年轻驾驶员发生道路交通事故的比例较高。因此，为了提高交通安全，必须确保新驾驶员在风险意识方面得到充分的教育和评估。本研究旨在探讨使用驾驶模拟器筛查测试作为现有路考的补充的可能性和潜在益处。主要思路是检测那些尚未准备好参加路考的驾驶员。对通过和未通过模拟器测试和路考的参与者进行了比较研究。还包括对主观和客观绩效和风险指标的比较。驾驶模拟器放置在交通学校，客户被招募为参与者。共有 70 名参与者参加了研究，模拟驾驶包括乡村道路、城市交通和高速公路，有 16 个不同的场景，由 GDE 矩阵的第二级构建，以检查驾驶行为、注意力和风险感知。结果表明，通过驾驶模拟器进行筛查测试，可以检测到那些认为自己已经准备好参加路考但尚未达到安全驾驶所需的风险意识水平的驾驶员。测试场景应适合检测风险意识缺陷，测试 GDE 矩阵的不同级别，并作为路考的补充，在路考中难以评估。年轻人中众所周知的自我评估缺陷再次得到证实。为了进行自我评估练习，建议将驾驶模拟器作为与 GDE 矩阵相关联的教学工具。
