Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China.
BMC Genomics. 2023 Oct 18;24(1):621. doi: 10.1186/s12864-023-09705-7.
Puberty marks the end of childhood and achieve sexual maturation and fertility. The role of hypothalamic proteins in regulating puberty onset is unclear. We performed a comprehensive differential proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis in prepubertal and pubertal goats to determine the roles of hypothalamic proteins and phosphoproteins during the onset of puberty.
We used peptide and posttranslational modifications peptide quantification and statistical analyses, and identified 69 differentially expressed proteins from 5,057 proteins and 576 differentially expressed phosphopeptides from 1574 phosphorylated proteins. Combined proteomic and phosphoproteomics, 759 correlated proteins were identified, of which 5 were differentially expressed only at the protein level, and 201 were only differentially expressed at the phosphoprotein level. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the majority of correlated proteins were associated with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, focal adhesion, GABAergic synapse, and Rap1 signaling pathway. These pathways are related to cell proliferation, neurocyte migration, and promoting the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus. CTNNB1 occupied important locations in the protein-protein interaction network and is involved in focal adhesion.
The results demonstrate that the proteins differentially expression only at the protein level or only differentially expressed at the phosphoprotein level and their related signalling pathways are crucial in regulating puberty in goats. These differentially expressed proteins and phosphorylated proteins may constitute the proteomic backgrounds between the two different stages.
青春期标志着儿童期的结束，实现性成熟和生育能力。下丘脑蛋白在调节青春期开始中的作用尚不清楚。我们在未成熟和青春期的山羊中进行了全面的差异蛋白质组学和磷酸蛋白质组学分析，以确定下丘脑蛋白和磷酸蛋白在青春期开始时的作用。
我们使用肽和翻译后修饰肽定量和统计分析，从 5057 种蛋白质中鉴定出 69 种差异表达蛋白，从 1574 种磷酸化蛋白中鉴定出 576 种差异表达磷酸肽。结合蛋白质组学和磷酸蛋白质组学，鉴定出 759 个相关蛋白，其中 5 个仅在蛋白质水平上差异表达，201 个仅在磷酸蛋白水平上差异表达。途径富集分析表明，大多数相关蛋白与糖酵解/糖异生、FcγR 介导的吞噬作用、焦点粘附、γ-氨基丁酸能突触和 Rap1 信号通路有关。这些途径与细胞增殖、神经细胞迁移以及促进下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素的释放有关。CTNNB1 在蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络中占据重要位置，参与焦点粘附。
研究结果表明，仅在蛋白质水平上差异表达或仅在磷酸蛋白水平上差异表达的蛋白质及其相关信号通路在山羊青春期调节中至关重要。这些差异表达的蛋白质和磷酸化蛋白质可能构成了两个不同阶段之间的蛋白质组学背景。
