University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Metab Brain Dis. 2024 Jan;39(1):199-215. doi: 10.1007/s11011-023-01302-7. Epub 2023 Oct 19.
Depression is one of the most prevalent severe CNS disorders, which negatively affects social lives, the ability to work, and the health of people. As per the World Health Organisation (WHO), it is a psychological disorder that is estimated to be a leading disease by 2030. Clinically, various medicines have been formulated to treat depression but they are having a setback due to their side effects, slow action, or poor bioavailability. Nowadays, flavonoids are regarded as an essential component in a variety of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and medicinal. Isoflavones are a distinctive and important subclass of flavonoids that are generally obtained from soybean, chickpeas, and red clover. The molecules of this class have been extensively explored in various CNS disorders including depression and anxiety. Isoflavones such as genistein, daidzein, biochanin-A, formononetin, and glycitein have been reported to exert an anti-depressant effect through the modulation of different mediators. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) mediated depletion of anandamide and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis-mediated modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), monoamine oxidase (MAO) mediated depletion of biogenic amines and inflammatory signaling are the important underlying pathways leading to depression. Upregulation in the levels of BDNF, anandamide, antioxidants and monoamines, along with inhibition of MAO, FAAH, HPA axis, and inflammatory stress are the major modulations produced by different isoflavones in the observed anti-depressant effect. Therefore, the present review has been designed to explore the mechanistic interplay of various mediators involved in mediating the anti-depressant action of different isoflavones.
抑郁症是最常见的严重中枢神经系统疾病之一，它严重影响人们的社交生活、工作能力和健康。据世界卫生组织（WHO）称，抑郁症是一种心理障碍，预计到 2030 年将成为主要疾病。临床上已经开发出各种药物来治疗抑郁症，但由于其副作用、作用缓慢或生物利用度差，这些药物的应用受到了阻碍。如今，类黄酮被认为是各种营养保健品、药物和医药的重要组成部分。异黄酮是黄酮类化合物的一个独特而重要的子类，通常从大豆、鹰嘴豆和红三叶草中获得。该类分子已在各种中枢神经系统疾病中得到广泛研究，包括抑郁症和焦虑症。据报道，染料木黄酮、大豆苷元、大豆苷、芒柄花素和黄豆黄素等异黄酮通过调节不同的介质发挥抗抑郁作用。脂肪酸酰胺水解酶（FAAH）介导的大麻素降解和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴介导的脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）调节、单胺氧化酶（MAO）介导的生物胺耗竭和炎症信号是导致抑郁症的重要潜在途径。BDNF、大麻素、抗氧化剂和单胺的水平上调，以及 MAO、FAAH、HPA 轴和炎症应激的抑制，是不同异黄酮在观察到的抗抑郁作用中产生的主要调节作用。因此，本综述旨在探讨不同异黄酮介导的抗抑郁作用涉及的各种介质的机制相互作用。
