The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
BMC Pulm Med. 2023 Oct 19;23(1):398. doi: 10.1186/s12890-023-02710-2.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed increasing challenges to global health systems. We aimed to understand the effects of pulmonary air leak (PAL), including pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema, on patients with COVID-19.
We searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for data and performed a meta-analysis with a random-effects model using Stata 14.0. This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Thirty-five articles were included in the meta-analysis. The data came from 14 countries and included 3,047 COVID-19 patients with PAL, 11,3679 COVID-19 patients without PAL and 361 non-COVID-19 patients with PAL. We found that the incidence of PAL was much higher in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients (odds ratio (OR) = 6.13, 95% CI: 2.09-18.00). We found that the group of COVID-19 patients with PAL had a longer hospital stay (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.27-1.30) and intensive care unit (ICU) stay (SMD = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.19-0.83) and comprised more ICU (OR = 15.16, 95% CI: 6.51-35.29) and mechanical ventilation patients (OR = 5.52, 95% CI: 1.69-17.99); furthermore, the mortality rate was also higher (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.80-3.82).
Patients with lung injuries caused by COVID-19 may develop PAL. COVID-19 patients with PAL require more medical resources, have more serious conditions and have worse clinical outcomes.
CRD42022365047.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对全球卫生系统构成了越来越大的挑战。我们旨在了解肺空气漏（PAL），包括气胸、纵隔气肿和皮下气肿，对 COVID-19 患者的影响。
我们在 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 上搜索数据，并使用 Stata 14.0 进行随机效应模型的荟萃分析。本荟萃分析符合系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。
35 篇文章纳入荟萃分析。数据来自 14 个国家，包括 3047 例 COVID-19 伴 PAL 患者、113679 例 COVID-19 无 PAL 患者和 361 例非 COVID-19 伴 PAL 患者。我们发现 COVID-19 患者 PAL 的发生率明显高于非 COVID-19 患者（比值比（OR）=6.13，95%CI：2.09-18.00）。我们发现 COVID-19 伴 PAL 组患者的住院时间（标准化均数差（SMD）=0.79，95%CI：0.27-1.30）和重症监护病房（ICU）停留时间（SMD=0.51，95%CI：0.19-0.83）较长，ICU（OR=15.16，95%CI：6.51-35.29）和机械通气患者（OR=5.52，95%CI：1.69-17.99）较多；此外，死亡率也较高（OR=2.62，95%CI：1.80-3.82）。
COVID-19 引起的肺部损伤患者可能发生 PAL。COVID-19 伴 PAL 的患者需要更多的医疗资源，病情更严重，临床结局更差。
PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42022365047。
