Swain Jayshree, Jadhao Pooja, Sravya S L, Teli Brij, Lavanya Kasukurti, Singh Jaspreet, Sahoo Abhay, Das Srijit
Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India.
Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman.
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2024;24(17):1575-1589. doi: 10.2174/0113895575260225230921062013.
Diabetes is a rapidly growing health challenge and epidemic in many developing countries, including India. India, being the diabetes capital of the world, has the dubious dual distinction of being the leading nations for both undernutrition and overnutrition. Diabetes prevalence has increased in both rural and urban areas, affected the younger population and increased the risk of complications and economic burden. These alarming statistics ring an alarm bell to achieve glycemic targets in the affected population in order to decrease diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. In the recent years, diabetes pathophysiology has been extended from an ominous triad through octet and dirty dozen etc. There is a new scope to target multiple pathways at the molecular level to achieve a better glycemic target and further prevent micro- and macrovascular complications. Mitochondrial dysfunction has a pivotal role in both β-cell failure and insulin resistance. Hence, targeting this molecular pathway may help with both insulin secretion and peripheral tissue sensitization to insulin. Imeglimin is the latest addition to our anti-diabetic armamentarium. As imeglimin targets, this root cause of defective energy metabolism and insulin resistance makes it a new add-on therapy in different diabetic regimes to achieve the proper glycemic targets. Its good tolerability and efficacy profiles in recent studies shows a new ray of hope in the journey to curtail diabetes-related morbidity.
糖尿病是包括印度在内的许多发展中国家快速增长的健康挑战和流行病。印度作为世界糖尿病之都，在营养不良和营养过剩方面都位居前列，这一情况令人堪忧。糖尿病患病率在农村和城市地区均有所上升，影响了年轻人群，并增加了并发症风险和经济负担。这些惊人的统计数据为在受影响人群中实现血糖目标敲响了警钟，以降低糖尿病相关的发病率和死亡率。近年来，糖尿病的病理生理学已从不祥三联征扩展到八重奏和十二要素等。在分子水平上针对多种途径有了新的空间，以实现更好的血糖目标，并进一步预防微血管和大血管并发症。线粒体功能障碍在β细胞功能衰竭和胰岛素抵抗中都起着关键作用。因此，针对这一分子途径可能有助于胰岛素分泌和外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性。依美格列明是我们抗糖尿病药物库中的最新成员。由于依美格列明针对能量代谢缺陷和胰岛素抵抗的根本原因，使其成为不同糖尿病治疗方案中实现适当血糖目标的新辅助治疗药物。其在最近研究中的良好耐受性和疗效概况为减少糖尿病相关发病率的征程带来了新的希望曙光。
