El-Sheekh Mostafa M, El-Nagar Aya A, ElKelawy Medhat, Bastawissi Hagar Alm-Eldin
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2023 Oct 20;13(1):17954. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45252-7.
Nowadays, researchers are very interested in improving the stability and solubility of blending diesel fuel with a high percentage of ethanol. As a result, the goal of this paper was to find a way to use the surfactant of Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) substance to blend ethanol with diesel fuel to a level of 40%. Diesel fuel is mixed with ethanol in volumetric proportions of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, as well as a tiny amount of TBP from 1 to 4%. The prepared blends were the subject of an experiment evaluation by fueling a direct injection diesel engine. This engine is a water-cooled, commercial diesel engine, single cylinder, and four-stroke with 12 kW maximum power. The four blends were evaluated as clean fuel mixtures of 10% ethanol/90% diesel/1% TBP, 20% ethanol/80% diesel/2% TBP, 30% ethanol/70% diesel/3% TBP, and 40% ethanol/60% diesel/4% TBP. As the starting fuel, we used 100% diesel to compare the results. The engine's output and emissions have been measured at various engine loads and constant speeds of 1500 rpm. According to the data gathered, even when the percentage of ethanol was increased to 40%, neither the base fuel nor the engine BTE changed significantly. The engine exhaust gas temperature was found to decrease slightly when the proportion of ethanol was increased. When bioethanol is increased to 40% of the base volume, it causes an increase in the combustion of unburned hydrocarbons and CO emissions. However, when the percentage of ethanol was increased from 100% diesel to the base fuel to 40%, CO emissions decreased, and O emissions slightly increased.
如今，研究人员对提高高比例乙醇混合柴油燃料的稳定性和溶解性非常感兴趣。因此，本文的目标是找到一种方法，使用磷酸三丁酯（TBP）物质的表面活性剂将乙醇与柴油燃料混合至40%的水平。柴油燃料与乙醇按体积比10%、20%、30%和40%混合，以及1%至4%的少量TBP。通过为直喷式柴油发动机供油，对制备的混合燃料进行实验评估。该发动机是一台水冷式商用柴油发动机，单缸，四冲程，最大功率为12千瓦。这四种混合燃料被评估为10%乙醇/90%柴油/1%TBP、20%乙醇/80%柴油/2%TBP、30%乙醇/70%柴油/3%TBP和40%乙醇/60%柴油/4%TBP的清洁燃料混合物。作为起始燃料，我们使用100%柴油来比较结果。在1500转/分钟的各种发动机负荷和恒定速度下测量了发动机的输出和排放。根据收集到的数据，即使乙醇比例增加到40%，基础燃料和发动机的制动热效率（BTE）都没有显著变化。发现当乙醇比例增加时，发动机排气温度略有下降。当生物乙醇增加到基础体积的40%时，会导致未燃烧碳氢化合物和一氧化碳（CO）排放量增加。然而，当乙醇比例从100%柴油增加到基础燃料的40%时，一氧化碳排放量减少，氧气（O）排放量略有增加。
