State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, 54 Xianlie S Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
Eur J Pediatr. 2024 Feb;183(2):885-895. doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-05262-z. Epub 2023 Oct 21.
The purpose of the study was to determine the associations of self-perception, motor skills, and clinical features of young school-age children with glaucoma (CG). This is a cross-sectional observational study. Children from preschool to second grade, including CG (N = 19), children with amblyopia (CA, N = 28), and controls (N = 32), completed the Manual Dexterity and Aiming and Catching Scales of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (MABC-2), including Manual Dexterity, Aiming and Catching, and Balance. CG, CA, and their parent completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children, respectively, assessing the child's cognitive competence, peer acceptance, physical competence, and maternal acceptance. The Kruskal-Wallis H test and Bonferroni post hoc test compared motor skills among groups. Spearman's correlation analysis evaluated the correlations between motor skills, self-perception, and clinical features. The CG reported lower peer acceptance than CA (P = 0.040), and the parents of CG reported lower cognitive competence than CG reported (P = 0.046). Compared with controls, CG had worse performance of Aiming and Catching, and Balance (P = 0.018 and P = 0.001), and CA had worse performance of Balance (P = 0.009). The motor skills were comparable between CG and CA. For CG, older age correlated with worse competence of Aiming and Catching (r = - 0.620, P = 0.005), better best-corrected visual acuity of better-seeing eye correlated with higher competence of Manual Dexterity and Balance (r = - 0.494, P = 0.032, and r = - 0.516, P = 0.024), and longer duration of glaucoma correlated with worse competence of Manual Dexterity (r = - 0.487, P = 0.034).
Glaucoma and amblyopia have significant negative impacts on children's daily motor skills. The acuity of a better-seeing eye is an important factor influencing motor movement.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, ChiCTR2100050415.
• The state of mental health in early childhood influences the development of their future personality and physical development. The prognosis and management of glaucoma may seriously impair the mental health development of the affected children. However, the exploration of psychological aspects and motor movement of childhood glaucoma was limited.
• Children with glaucoma have impaired motor skills and self-perception development, especially in terms of peer socialization.
确定青少年青光眼（CG）儿童的自我认知、运动技能和临床特征的相关性。本研究为横断面观察性研究。研究对象包括来自幼儿园至二年级的 CG（N=19）、弱视（CA，N=28）儿童和对照组（N=32）儿童，他们完成了儿童运动评估测试-第二版（MABC-2）的手眼协调和瞄准与接球量表，包括手眼协调、瞄准与接球以及平衡。CG、CA 和他们的父母分别完成了儿童感知能力和社会接纳图片量表，以评估儿童的认知能力、同伴接纳、身体能力和母亲接纳。克朗巴赫 α 系数检验和事后 Bonferroni 检验比较了各组之间的运动技能。Spearman 相关分析评估了运动技能、自我认知和临床特征之间的相关性。CG 报告的同伴接纳度低于 CA（P=0.040），CG 的父母报告的认知能力低于 CG 自评（P=0.046）。与对照组相比，CG 在瞄准与接球和平衡方面的表现更差（P=0.018 和 P=0.001），CA 在平衡方面的表现更差（P=0.009）。CG 和 CA 的运动技能相当。对于 CG，年龄越大，瞄准与接球的能力越差（r=-0.620，P=0.005），视力较好眼的最佳矫正视力越高，手眼协调和平衡的能力越高（r=-0.494，P=0.032，r=-0.516，P=0.024），青光眼的持续时间越长，手的灵活性越差（r=-0.487，P=0.034）。
青光眼和弱视对儿童日常运动技能有显著的负面影响。视力较好眼的视力是影响运动的重要因素。
ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符，ChiCTR2100050415。
• 幼儿期的心理健康状态影响他们未来的个性和身体发育。青光眼的预后和治疗可能严重损害受影响儿童的心理健康发展。然而，儿童青光眼的心理和运动方面的探索是有限的。
• 青光眼儿童的运动技能和自我认知发展受损，尤其是在同伴社交方面。
