Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Institute of Biosciences, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Can J Cardiol. 2023 Dec;39(12):1859-1873. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.10.009. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily is a group of nonselective cation channels that function as cellular sensors for a wide range of physical, chemical, and environmental stimuli. According to sequence homology, TRP channels are categorized into 6 subfamilies: TRP canonical, TRP vanilloid, TRP melastatin, TRP ankyrin, TRP mucolipin, and TRP polycystin. They are widely expressed in different cell types and tissues and have essential roles in various physiological and pathological processes by regulating the concentration of ions (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) and influencing intracellular signalling pathways. Human data and experimental models indicate the importance of TRP channels in vascular homeostasis and hypertension. Furthermore, TRP channels have emerged as key players in oxidative stress and inflammation, important in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. In this review, we present an overview of the TRP channels with a focus on their role in hypertension. In particular, we highlight mechanisms activated by TRP channels in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells and discuss their contribution to processes underlying vascular dysfunction in hypertension.
瞬时受体电位 (TRP) 通道超家族是一组非选择性阳离子通道，作为细胞传感器，可感知各种物理、化学和环境刺激。根据序列同源性，TRP 通道分为 6 个亚家族：TRP 经典型、TRP 香草酸型、TRP 黑色素瘤型、TRP 锚蛋白型、TRP 粘蛋白型和 TRP 多囊蛋白型。它们广泛表达于不同的细胞类型和组织中，通过调节离子（Ca、Mg、Na 和 K）浓度并影响细胞内信号通路，在各种生理和病理过程中发挥着重要作用。人类数据和实验模型表明，TRP 通道在血管稳态和高血压中具有重要作用。此外，TRP 通道已成为氧化应激和炎症的关键参与者，在包括高血压在内的心血管疾病的病理生理学中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 TRP 通道，并重点介绍了它们在高血压中的作用。特别是，我们强调了 TRP 通道在血管平滑肌和内皮细胞中被激活的机制，并讨论了它们对高血压血管功能障碍相关过程的贡献。
