Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Jan 1;340(Pt 2):122744. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122744. Epub 2023 Oct 19.
Present study examines how ozone concentration changed under heatwave (HW) condition with emphasis on meteorological parameters in respect to non-heatwave (NHW) days. In this perspective, Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) has been used to simulate the surface O (SfO) and maximum temperature (T) during NHW (11-19 May 2015) and HW days (21-29 May 2015) over southeast (SE), India. The WRF-Chem simulated meteorological and chemical variables have been evaluated against the ERA5 and CAMS reanalysis dataset. A significant correlation of 55-95% is found for all the meteorological and chemical variables. The influencing parameters shows positive correlation of ozone with temperature, which reaches 75-78 ppbv under HW condition. Day to day trend analysis reveal an increasing pattern of maximum temperature and SfO concentration under HW condition. During HW, mixing of ozone-rich air aloft with near-surface air leading a rise in SfO, as indicated by both ERA5 (with a maximum Planetary Boundary Layer Height (PBLH) of 1000 m) and WRF-Chem simulations (1600 m). Furthermore, the diurnal cycle of SfO, temperature, PBLH reaches a peak at afternoon, while the other variables like nitrogen oxides (NO), Relative Humidity (RH) shows a high concentration at night-time. Overall, WRF-Chem model effectively captures the diurnal fluctuations of SfO, NO and the meteorological variables during the HW event over the SE, India. Result shows that HW may cause a strong contribution to the rate of increase in SfO (22.17%). Thus, it is required to consider contribution of HW driven ozone when developing long-term strategies to mitigate regional ozone pollution.
本研究考察了在热浪（HW）条件下臭氧浓度的变化情况，并重点关注了非热浪（NHW）日的气象参数。为此，使用天气研究与预测模型耦合化学模型（WRF-Chem）模拟了印度东南部（SE）NHW 日（2015 年 5 月 11-19 日）和 HW 日（2015 年 5 月 21-29 日）的地面臭氧（SfO）和最高温度（T）。WRF-Chem 模拟的气象和化学变量与 ERA5 和 CAMS 再分析数据集进行了评估。所有气象和化学变量的相关性在 55-95%之间。影响参数显示臭氧与温度呈正相关，在 HW 条件下臭氧达到 75-78 ppbv。逐日趋势分析显示，在 HW 条件下，最高温度和 SfO 浓度呈上升趋势。在 HW 期间，臭氧丰富的空气与近地面空气混合，导致 SfO 上升，这一点在 ERA5（最大行星边界层高度（PBLH）为 1000 m）和 WRF-Chem 模拟中都得到了证实（1600 m）。此外，SfO、温度和 PBLH 的日循环在下午达到峰值，而其他变量如氮氧化物（NO）和相对湿度（RH）则在夜间显示出高浓度。总的来说，WRF-Chem 模型有效地捕捉了印度东南部 SE 地区 HW 事件期间 SfO、NO 和气象变量的日变化。结果表明，HW 可能导致 SfO 增长率增加（22.17%）。因此，在制定缓解区域臭氧污染的长期战略时，需要考虑 HW 驱动臭氧的贡献。
