He Yao, Zhao Yuxiu, Liang Hongyang, Wang Xue, Lan Haoyue, Tian Dongyang, Li Yan, Wang Hui
Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited, Beijing 100176, China.
Diseases. 2023 Oct 13;11(4):139. doi: 10.3390/diseases11040139.
The Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) conjugate vaccine is the most effective way to prevent Hib infection in infants and young children, and it is designed to induce the production of antibodies against polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) to protect babies from infection. However, the mechanism of immunity induced by the Hib vaccine is not fully understood. Recently, with the development of the combination diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccines (DTaP), increasing numbers of manufacturers have begun to develop DTaP-based combination vaccines, like the combination vaccine diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis and Hib conjugate vaccine (DTaP-Hib), which contains adjuvants. However, the Hib vaccine does not contain adjuvants. It was theorized that the Hib antigen has poor compatibility with aluminum adjuvants for unclear reasons. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of the Hib-vaccine-induced immune response and the influence of adjuvants on the Hib vaccine is of great significance. In this paper, we immunized BalBc mice with either the Hib vaccine or the Hib vaccine that adsorbs aluminum adjuvants (Hib-Al). Here, we analyzed the anti-PRP antibody level and immune response of different cells using cell and cytokine levels. We found that the Hib vaccine could induce a humoral and cellular immune response, and the Hib-Al vaccine could induce greater quantities of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-6 and more antigen-specific antibodies through B cells, Th1, Th2, and ILC3s in the spleen. Together, our findings demonstrate the serologic responses and immune response in terms of cell and cytokine levels induced by the Hib vaccine, and they also imply that the addition of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant could enhance the function of the Hib vaccine, which preliminarily reveals the mechanism of immune response induced by the Hib-related vaccine.
B型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）结合疫苗是预防婴幼儿感染Hib的最有效方法，其旨在诱导产生针对多聚核糖基核糖醇磷酸（PRP）的抗体，以保护婴儿免受感染。然而，Hib疫苗诱导免疫的机制尚未完全明确。近年来，随着白喉和破伤风类毒素及无细胞百日咳疫苗（DTaP）联合疫苗的发展，越来越多的制造商开始研发基于DTaP的联合疫苗，如白喉和破伤风类毒素及无细胞百日咳与Hib结合疫苗（DTaP-Hib），该疫苗含有佐剂。然而，Hib疫苗不含佐剂。据推测，由于不明原因，Hib抗原与铝佐剂的相容性较差。因此，了解Hib疫苗诱导免疫反应的机制以及佐剂对Hib疫苗的影响具有重要意义。在本文中，我们用Hib疫苗或吸附铝佐剂的Hib疫苗（Hib-Al）免疫BalBc小鼠。在此，我们通过细胞和细胞因子水平分析了不同细胞的抗PRP抗体水平和免疫反应。我们发现，Hib疫苗可诱导体液免疫和细胞免疫反应，而Hib-Al疫苗可通过脾脏中的B细胞、Th1、Th2和ILC3诱导产生更多的IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-6以及更多的抗原特异性抗体。总之，我们的研究结果展示了Hib疫苗诱导的血清学反应以及细胞和细胞因子水平的免疫反应，同时也表明添加氢氧化铝佐剂可增强Hib疫苗的功能，这初步揭示了Hib相关疫苗诱导免疫反应的机制。
