Tao Shiqian, Li Qiang, Yao Heliang, Liu Song, Li Qinghui
Precision Optical Manufacturing and Testing Centre, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials CAS, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
J Microsc. 2024 Jan;293(1):3-19. doi: 10.1111/jmi.13239. Epub 2023 Nov 16.
Thirty-three porcelain shards (28 Ru ware and 5 Ru-type ware) unearthed from Qinglingsi kiln and 31 celadon fragments from Zhanggongxiang kiln were studied systematically for tracing their correlation and difference in glaze and body characteristics through a variety of characterisation methods. Samples without HF corrosion were applied to achieve the microstructure and composition details by SEM and TEM. Results exhibited that there were certain similarities between Ru ware, Ru-type ware and Zhanggongxiang kiln celadon in glaze colour and thickness, body features, fracture structure; however, they showed obvious differences in body thickness, chemical composition of glaze and body, phase constituents and microstructure of glaze. Plentiful needle-like diopside were widely distributed in Zhanggongxiang kiln celadon glazes, while this type of crystals was only existed in few Ru and Ru-type ware glazes with small content. Besides, a large amount of residual quartz was present over the Ru ware glazes, which could have relation to the incorporation of agate. The liquid-liquid phase separation structure (Ca-rich droplets and Si-rich matrix) was generated within the interspaces of anorthite clusters or around the brims of anorthite needles or columns. The occurrence of phase separation was generally accompanied by Al O consumption, but suppressed in the areas far from anorthite due to the rise of Al O content, indicating that Al O was the most sensitive constituent for this glaze behaviour. The distinguished size, shape and distribution of phase-separated droplets or interconnected structures were closely associated with the scale and crowding level of anorthite crystallisation.
对从清凉寺窑出土的33片瓷片（28片汝窑瓷片和5片汝窑类型瓷片）以及张公巷窑的31片青瓷碎片进行了系统研究，通过多种表征方法追溯它们在釉和胎体特征方面的关联与差异。对未经氢氟酸腐蚀的样品进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）分析，以获取微观结构和成分细节。结果表明，汝窑、汝窑类型瓷片与张公巷窑青瓷在釉色、釉厚、胎体特征、断面结构方面存在一定相似性；然而，它们在胎体厚度、釉和胎体的化学成分、釉的相组成及微观结构方面存在明显差异。大量针状透辉石广泛分布于张公巷窑青瓷釉中，而此类晶体仅少量存在于少数汝窑和汝窑类型瓷片釉中且含量较少。此外，汝窑瓷片釉上存在大量残余石英，这可能与玛瑙的掺入有关。在钙长石簇的间隙或钙长石针或柱的边缘周围形成了液 - 液相分离结构（富钙液滴和富硅基体）。相分离的发生通常伴随着氧化铝的消耗，但在远离钙长石的区域由于氧化铝含量的增加而受到抑制，这表明氧化铝是这种釉行为最敏感的成分。相分离液滴或相互连接结构的不同尺寸、形状和分布与钙长石结晶的规模和密集程度密切相关。
