AORN J. 2023 Nov;118(5):321-328. doi: 10.1002/aorn.14019.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), a condition involving deep vein thrombosis and embolism, can cause death when left untreated. Hospitalized patients and those who have recently undergone surgery or have a cancer diagnosis are at increased risk for VTE development. The updated AORN "Guideline for prevention of venous thromboembolism" provides perioperative nurses with a variety of evidence-based recommendations associated with the topic. This article provides an overview of the guideline and discusses recommendations for a VTE protocol, VTE and bleeding risk assessments, pharmacologic and mechanical VTE prophylaxis, postoperative ambulation, and patient and family education. It also includes a scenario that illustrates the importance of the VTE assessment and the use of mechanical prophylaxis for high-risk patients undergoing operative or other invasive procedures. Perioperative nurses should review the guideline in its entirety and implement recommendations in operative and procedural settings.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是一种涉及深静脉血栓形成和栓塞的疾病，如果不加以治疗可能会导致死亡。住院患者和最近接受过手术或癌症诊断的患者发生 VTE 的风险增加。经过更新的 AORN“静脉血栓栓塞症预防指南”为围手术期护士提供了与该主题相关的各种基于证据的建议。本文概述了该指南，并讨论了 VTE 方案、VTE 和出血风险评估、药物和机械性 VTE 预防、术后活动以及患者和家属教育的建议。它还包括一个场景，说明了对高危患者进行手术或其他侵入性操作时进行 VTE 评估和使用机械预防的重要性。围手术期护士应全面审查该指南，并在手术和操作环境中实施建议。
