Ovesen J, Nielsen S
Acta Orthop Scand. 1986 Aug;57(4):324-7. doi: 10.3109/17453678608994402.
In a cadaver study of 10 glenohumeral joint specimens, the anterior and posterior displacement of the humeral head was recorded after cutting parts of the rotator cuff and capsular structures applying a constant force to the humerus. The posterior structures were important for anterior stability in the first 40 degrees of abduction. Anterior subluxation was changed to luxation in the first half of abduction, but only after lesions to the anterior part of the rotator cuff and upper half of the anterior capsule. For posterior displacement, the posterior part of the rotator cuff was found significant from 0-90 degrees of abduction, and the posterior capsule between 40 degrees and 90 degrees of abduction. The anterior part of the rotator cuff and the upper part of the anterior capsule were essential in the first 40 degrees of abduction. Cutting the capsular structures only, we found that the entire anterior capsule resisted anterior displacement for 70-90 degrees of abduction, and the entire posterior capsule from 50-90 degrees of abduction. For posterior displacement, the entire posterior capsule was important from 60 to 90 degrees of abduction. Clinically, a large lesion to the posterior structures seems to be essential for any major anterior displacement, and posterior displacement leading to subluxation only seems possible in connection with a major anterior injury.
在一项对10个肩关节标本的尸体研究中，在切断部分肩袖和关节囊结构后，对肱骨施加恒定力，记录肱骨头的前后移位情况。在后40度外展过程中，后方结构对前方稳定性至关重要。在前半程外展过程中，前半脱位转变为脱位，但仅在肩袖前部和前关节囊上半部分损伤之后。对于后移位，发现肩袖后部在0至90度外展时起重要作用，而后关节囊在40度至90度外展时起重要作用。肩袖前部和前关节囊上部在最初40度外展时至关重要。仅切断关节囊结构时，我们发现整个前关节囊在70至90度外展时抵抗前移位，整个后关节囊在50至90度外展时抵抗前移位。对于后移位，整个后关节囊在60至90度外展时起重要作用。临床上，后方结构的大面积损伤似乎是任何严重前移位的必要条件，而后移位导致半脱位似乎仅在伴有严重前部损伤时才可能发生。
