Armenian H K, Saadeh F M, Armenian S L
Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Jan;125(1):127-32. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114495.
A nonconcurrent cohort study was conducted in Lebanon by using the parish records of an Armenian Apostolic Orthodox church. Included in the study were 1,529 married couples. The observation period extended from 1949-1980 with follow-up information available on 90% of the subjects based on a review of burial registers, parish census records, and neighborhood inquiries. Identified during the observation period were 152 widowers and 623 widows. Three analytic procedures were used to compare the mortality of widowed to married subjects: person-years, matched-pair, and life table analyses. The results showed an increased risk of mortality for widowed compared with married subjects, although this excess in risk was not overall statistically significant. Most important was the result that among widowers as opposed to widows the higher risk of mortality acted at approximately ages 66-75 years. The suggested hypotheses to explain this finding include changes in the network size as well as social support systems which act in a particular way in this culture for men at the age of retirement. The results of this initial study of a specific community in a Middle Eastern society parallel findings in studies of Western industrial societies; they also tend to give additional evidence for the association of increased risk when widowhood is accompanied by increased stress caused by other life changes such as retirement.
在黎巴嫩，通过使用亚美尼亚使徒东正教教堂的教区记录进行了一项非同期队列研究。该研究纳入了1529对已婚夫妇。观察期从1949年至1980年，通过查阅埋葬登记册、教区人口普查记录以及邻里询问，90%的研究对象有随访信息。在观察期内确定了152名鳏夫和623名寡妇。使用了三种分析方法来比较丧偶者和已婚者的死亡率：人年分析、配对分析和生命表分析。结果显示，与已婚者相比，丧偶者的死亡风险增加，尽管这种风险增加在总体上没有统计学意义。最重要的结果是，与寡妇相比，鳏夫较高的死亡风险出现在大约66至75岁之间。为解释这一发现而提出的假设包括社交网络规模的变化以及社会支持系统，在这种文化中，这些因素在男性退休年龄时以特定方式发挥作用。对中东社会一个特定社区的这项初步研究结果与西方工业社会研究中的发现相似；它们也倾向于为丧偶伴随着退休等其他生活变化所带来的压力增加而导致风险增加这一关联提供更多证据。
