葡萄糖耐量状态与肥胖成年人进行高强度运动后认知功能的改善相关。

Glucose tolerance status associates with improvements in cognitive function following high-intensity exercise in adults with obesity.

机构信息

Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Wisconsin-River Falls, A173 Falcon Center, 410 S. 3rd St., River Falls, WI, 54022, United States.

出版信息

Physiol Behav. 2023 Dec 1;272:114389. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114389. Epub 2023 Oct 27.

DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114389

PMID:37890604

Abstract

PURPOSE

Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and proinflammatory cytokines associate with cognitive decline. Numerous studies document cognitive benefits of acute exercise bouts in lean individuals. However, how co-morbidities such as obesity and IR influence cognitive changes induced by acute exercise is unclear. We examined the effects of acute high-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive function in age-matched and BMI-matched obese adults with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and in lean, NGT adults.

METHODS

49 adults (15 Lean, 18 Obese-NGT, 16 Obese-IGT) performed one session of high-intensity interval exercise (four cycles of 4-min at 75% W with 3-min rest). Cognitive function testing and blood sampling were performed pre- and post-exercise.

RESULTS

Following exercise, measurements of executive function and working memory were improved in Lean and Obese-NGT (p < 0.05), but not Obese-IGT. Changes in cognitive function following exercise negatively correlated with 2-hr glucose during an OGTT after controlling for body weight and body composition (r = -0.40, p = 0.007). Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and CRP remained increased 60-minutes post-exercise in Obese-IGT, but not in Lean or Obese-NGT, which positively associated with 2-hr glucose during an OGTT (p < 0.01) and negatively with changes in cognitive function following exercise (p < 0.01). Greater insulin levels in Obese-IGT post-exercise also negatively correlated with changes in cognitive function following exercise (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

Improvements in cognition following acute high-intensity exercise positively associate with glucose tolerance, independent of body weight and body composition. Further, poorer changes in cognitive performance following exercise associate with persistent peripheral inflammation.

摘要

目的

肥胖、胰岛素抵抗（IR）和促炎细胞因子与认知能力下降有关。许多研究表明，瘦人进行急性运动可带来认知益处。然而，肥胖和 IR 等合并症如何影响急性运动引起的认知变化尚不清楚。我们研究了急性高强度有氧运动对年龄匹配和 BMI 匹配的糖耐量正常（NGT）或糖耐量受损（IGT）肥胖成年人以及瘦的 NGT 成年人的认知功能的影响。

方法

49 名成年人（15 名瘦人，18 名肥胖 NGT，16 名肥胖 IGT）进行了一次高强度间歇运动（4 分钟 75% W 与 3 分钟休息，共 4 个循环）。在运动前后进行认知功能测试和血液采样。

结果

运动后，瘦人和肥胖 NGT 的执行功能和工作记忆测量值得到改善（p<0.05），但肥胖 IGT 没有改善。运动后认知功能的变化与 OGTT 中 2 小时血糖呈负相关，控制体重和身体成分后（r=-0.40，p=0.007）。运动后 60 分钟，肥胖 IGT 的血清炎症细胞因子 IL-6 和 CRP 水平仍升高，而在瘦人和肥胖 NGT 中则没有，这与 OGTT 中 2 小时血糖呈正相关（p<0.01），与运动后认知功能的变化呈负相关（p<0.01）。运动后肥胖 IGT 中的胰岛素水平也与运动后认知功能的变化呈负相关（p<0.01）。