Fraiman Yarden S, Guyol Genevieve, Acevedo-Garcia Dolores, Beck Andrew F, Burris Heather, Coker Tumaini R, Tiemeier Henning
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02218, USA.
Children (Basel). 2023 Sep 30;10(10):1637. doi: 10.3390/children10101637.
Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral impairments including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood. In this narrative review, we examine the known associations between prematurity and ADHD and highlight the impact of both prematurity and ADHD on multiple domains across the pediatric life-course. We develop a framework for understanding the health services journey of individuals with ADHD to access appropriate services and treatments for ADHD, the "ADHD Care Cascade". We then discuss the many racial and ethnic inequities that affect the risk of preterm birth as well as the steps along the "ADHD Care Cascade". By using a life-course approach, we highlight the ways in which inequities are layered over time to magnify the neurodevelopmental impact of preterm birth on the most vulnerable children across the life-course.
早产与神经发育和神经行为障碍风险增加相关，这些障碍包括注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD），这是儿童期最常见的神经行为障碍。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们研究了早产与ADHD之间已知的关联，并强调了早产和ADHD对儿童生命历程中多个领域的影响。我们构建了一个框架，以了解ADHD患者获得ADHD适当服务和治疗的健康服务历程，即“ADHD照护级联”。然后，我们讨论了影响早产风险的诸多种族和民族不平等问题，以及“ADHD照护级联”中的各个环节。通过采用生命历程方法，我们强调了不平等如何随着时间的推移而层层叠加，从而放大早产对生命历程中最脆弱儿童的神经发育影响。
